New Processes for Alkali Ferrate Synthesis

Ninane, L.; Kanari, Ndue; Criado, C.; Jeannot, C.; Evrard, O.; Neveux, N.

doi:10.1021/bk-2008-0985.ch006

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…9 A new process for the synthesis of potassium ferrate(VI) was developed under an EU program. 10 This program aimed at synthesising a large quantity of ferrate(VI) in order to feed large scale applications of water treatment. The raw materials used were ferrous sulphate, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hypochlorite (or chlorine).…”

Section: Dry Oxidation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the development and application of ferrate(VI) for water and wastewater treatment

Jiang

2013

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

144

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Ferrate(VI) ion has the formula FeO 4 2− , and possesses unique properties, vs. strong oxidising potential and simultaneous generation of ferric coagulating species. For this reason, a number of studies have been carried out to investigate the preparation, characterisation and application of ferrate(VI) for water and wastewater treatment. These studies revealed that ferrate(VI) can disinfect microorganisms, partially degrade and/or oxidise organic and inorganic impurities, and remove suspended/colloidal particulate materials in a single dosing and mixing unit process. Most recently, research groups globally have reported using ferrate(VI) to treat emerging micropollutants in water purification processes. Work has not only been limited to fundamental studies but has been driven by the ideas of putting the application of ferrate(VI) into practice; the advantages of the application of ferrate(VI) over existing water and wastewater treatment methods should be shown as should other benefits to the water industry of its use. This paper thus reviews advances in the preparation and use of ferrate(VI), discusses the potential full scale application of ferrate(VI) in water purification and recommends required future research in order to implement ferrate(VI) in practice.

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Section: Dry Oxidation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the development and application of ferrate(VI) for water and wastewater treatment

Jiang

2013

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

144

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“…Potassium ferrate(VI) is a selective oxidant and has been tested as oxidant/coagulant/disinfectant in water and wastewater treatment and as the cathode material in “super-iron battery” configuration. , At acidic pH conditions, the redox potential of ferrate(VI) is the one of the highest among all the oxidants ( E 0 = 2.20 V); at the basic pH conditions, it decreases to 1.4 V for HFeO 4 – and 0.6–0.7 V for FeO 4 2– . − Ferrate(VI) preferentially targets electron-rich moieties (ERM) such as amines, primary and secondary alcohols; reactions with other organic compounds without such ERMs (e.g., ibuprofen) were also reported but with lower rate constants . At the pH range of most water and wastewater, ferrate(VI) is usually reduced to ferric, which can further provide the coagulation function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation of Oil Sands Process-Affected Water by Potassium Ferrate(VI)

Wang

Klamerth

Huang

et al. 2016

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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This paper investigates the oxidation of oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) by potassium ferrate(VI). Due to the selectivity of ferrate(VI) oxidation, two-ring and three-ring fluorescing aromatics were preferentially removed at doses <100 mg/L Fe(VI), and one-ring aromatics were removed only at doses ≥100 mg/L Fe(VI). Ferrate(VI) oxidation achieved 64.0% and 78.4% removal of naphthenic acids (NAs) at the dose of 200 mg/L and 400 mg/L Fe(VI) respectively, and NAs with high carbon number and ring number were removed preferentially. (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR) spectra indicated that the oxidation of fluorescing aromatics resulted in the opening of some aromatic rings. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis detected signals of organic radical intermediates, indicating that one-electron transfer is one of the probable mechanisms in the oxidation of NAs. The inhibition effect of OSPW on Vibrio fischeri and the toxicity effect on goldfish primary kidney macrophages (PKMs) were both reduced after ferrate(VI) oxidation. The fluorescing aromatics in OSPW were proposed to be an important contributor to this acute toxicity. Degradation of model compounds with ferrate(VI) was also investigated and the results confirmed our findings in OSPW study.

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“…By analogy, the ability of chlorine to oxidize iron (II,III) into iron(VI) in high alkali medium by gas-solid and solid-solid reactions was also demonstrated in recent investigations [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Reactivity of Low-Grade Chromite Concentrates towards Chlorinating Atmospheres

et al. 2020

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The most economically important iron-chromium bearing minerals is chromite. In natural deposits, iron(II) is frequently substituted by magnesium(II) while chromium(III) is replaced by aluminum(III) and/or iron(III) forming a complex chromium bearing material. The majority of mined chromite is intended for the production of ferrochrome which requires a chromite concentrate with high chromium-to-iron ratio. Found mostly in the spinel chromite structure, iron cannot be removed by physical mineral processing methods. In this frame, the present work deals with the reaction of chlorine and chlorine+oxygen with selected samples of chromite concentrates for assessing the reactivity of their components towards chlorinating atmosphere, allowing the preferential removal of iron, hence meeting the chromite metallurgical grade requirements. Isothermal thermogravimetric analysis was used as a reliable approach for the kinetic reactivity investigation. Results indicated a wide difference in the thermal behavior of chromite constituents in a chlorinating atmosphere when considering their respective values of apparent activation energy oscillating from about 60 to 300 kJ/mol as a function of the sample reacted fraction. During the chromite treatment by chlorine in presence of oxygen, chromium was recovered as liquid chromyl chloride by condensation of the reaction gas phase.

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New Processes for Alkali Ferrate Synthesis

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Advances in the development and application of ferrate(VI) for water and wastewater treatment

Advances in the development and application of ferrate(VI) for water and wastewater treatment

Oxidation of Oil Sands Process-Affected Water by Potassium Ferrate(VI)

Reactivity of Low-Grade Chromite Concentrates towards Chlorinating Atmospheres

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