“…The R&D investments of a firm are widely treated as the main engine of growth, which can benefit the firm by creating competitive advantages and distinguishing itself from competitors (Chan et al, 2001). The advertising investments of firms are positioned to help mitigate information asymmetry, facilitate promotion of their products, processes, and services generated by R&D, change consumer mind-set, accelerate the velocity of consumer responses, induce faster market penetration, and increase their sales revenue and market share (Chen et al, 2014;Luo & de Jong, 2012;Srivastava et al, 1998;Singh et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2009). Moreover, a majority of the empirical research in marketing and finance investigating the relationship between R&D and shareholder value as well as between advertising and shareholder value have documented that marketing-related investments lead to larger brand value (Peterson & Jeong, 2010), lower return risks (Chen et al, 2014;McAlister et al, 2007;), higher stock returns and future cash flows (Srinivasan et al, 2009), persistent and increased firm profitability (Mizik & Jacobson, 2003), and therefore improved shareholder value (Chauvin & Hirschey, 1993;Peterson & Jeong, 2010;Srinivasan et al, 2009).…”