New Puccinia triticina races on wheat in South Africa

Boshoff, W. H. P.; Labuschagne, Rinette; Terefe, T.; Pretorius, Z. A.; Visser, B.

doi:10.1007/s13313-018-0560-1

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Based on results from microsatellite analyses as well as the avirulence/virulence profile of 3SA145 and the similarity of the latter with other international leaf rust races, Visser et al (2011) did not exclude the possibility of 3SA145 being an exotic introduction into SA. The avirulence/virulence profile of 3SA248 and supportive microsatellite analyses strongly support the development of this race from 3SA145 (Boshoff et al 2018). SITs of triticale entries in this study further support this when, except for five entries varying in their resistance to 3SA145 and 3SA248, similar SITs were recorded on the remaining triticale entries.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Both 3SA145 and 3SA248 showed strong statistical differences and better adaption in their germination and early germ tube growth rate at 35 °C compared to the older race 3SA144. These differences may have contributed to the dominance of 3SA145 (17.9 to 60.5% frequency 2012-2016) in recent rust surveys in SA when compared with 3SA144 (1.6 to 6.7%) (Terefe et al 2014;Boshoff et al 2018). To support this statement more of the older SA wheat leaf rust races should be included in future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Increased incidence of Pt in spring wheat fields in the Southern Cape, South Africa (SA), as well as the identification of four new races in this region, between 2012 to 2016, have re-emphasised the importance of leaf rust (Boshoff et al 2018). Air temperature and free moisture on plant surfaces are considered key factors for rust infection (Stubbs et al 1986;De Vallavieille-Pope et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the initial characterisation of 3SA144, its pathogenicity on diverse triticale germplasm has never been determined. It would also be useful to establish whether the newly identified wheat leaf rust race 3SA248 which attacks Lr26, shows increased virulence towards triticale when compared to the older but genetically related race 3SA145 (Terefe et al 2011;Visser et al 2011;Boshoff et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of an International Triticale Collection toPuccinia triticinaandPuccinia reconditasensu stricto and Assessment of Temperature Sensitivity in Leaf Rust Isolates

Yekelo

Rothmann

Bender

et al. 2019

Cereal Research Communications

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Triticale is derived from a cross between wheat and rye and the leaf rust pathogen of wheat, Puccinia triticina (Pt), and that of rye, P. recondita sensu stricto (Pr), can potentially cause disease in this crop. Recent studies showed that wheat rust fungi could adapt to warmer temperatures. In this paper, we report on the comparative virulence of three Pt races and one Pr isolate (all were collected in South Africa) on triticale as well as their in vitro response to temperature. Seedling infection types (SITs) of 169 triticale entries to Pt races 3SA144 (North American code SDDN), 3SA145 (CCPS) and 3SA248 (CFPS) and Pr isolate UVPr2 revealed that 3SA144 is the most virulent with 106 triticale entries found susceptible to this race. The three Pt races were avirulent to the four rye cultivars included as controls. UVPr2 was avirulent on all the triticale entries and 49 entries were considered resistant to the Pt races tested. Freshly harvested urediniospores of the above isolates were tested at constant temperature regimes of 10 °C, 22.5 °C and 35 °C to study germination characteristics. Mean urediniospore germination percentages as determined for 3SA144 (61.3%) and UVPr2 (62.6%) were significantly lower when compared to 3SA145 (83.7%) and 3SA248 (84.9%). Race 3SA144 was most sensitive to the higher temperature regime of 35 °C (5.2% germination). Among the investigated races, 3SA144 showed significantly lower mean germ tube elongation rates at all three incubation temperatures. This is the first report of differences in temperature adaptation between Pt races from SA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of an International Triticale Collection toPuccinia triticinaandPuccinia reconditasensu stricto and Assessment of Temperature Sensitivity in Leaf Rust Isolates

Yekelo

Rothmann

Bender

et al. 2019

Cereal Research Communications

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“…The standard South African differential set for determining seedling infection types to Pt isolates contains 20 entries. 27 Except for Thew (Lr20) and Agent (Lr24), all Lr genes occur in a Thatcher wheat background. New races are further characterised on an additional set containing 23 Lr genes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Accomplishments in wheat rust research in South Africa

Pretorius

Prins

Wessels³

et al. 2020

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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Rust diseases, although seasonal, have been severe constraints in wheat production in South Africa for almost 300 years. Rust research gained momentum with the institution of annual surveys in the 1980s, followed by race identification, an understanding of rust epidemiology, and eventually a focused collaboration amongst pathologists, breeders and geneticists. Diversity in South African populations of Puccinia triticina, P. graminis f. sp. tritici and P. striiformis f. sp. tritici has been described and isolates are available to accurately phenotype wheat germplasm and study pathogen populations at national, regional and global levels. Sources of resistance have been, and still are, methodically analysed and molecular marker systems were developed to incorporate, stack and verify complex resistance gene combinations in breeding lines and cultivars. Vigilance, capacity, new technologies, collaboration and sustained funding are critical for maintaining and improving the current research impetus for future management of these important diseases.

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Mapping and characterization of rust resistance genes Lr53 and Yr35 introgressed from Aegilops species

Xu,

Shen,

Chen

et al. 2024

Theor Appl Genet

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Key message The rust resistance genes Lr53 and Yr35 were introgressed into bread wheat from Aegilops longissima or Aegilops sharonensis or their S-genome containing species and mapped to the telomeric region of chromosome arm 6BS. Abstract Wheat leaf and stripe rusts are damaging fungal diseases of wheat worldwide. Breeding for resistance is a sustainable approach to control these two foliar diseases. In this study, we used SNP analysis, sequence comparisons, and cytogenetic assays to determine that the chromosomal segment carrying Lr53 and Yr35 was originated from Ae.longissima or Ae. sharonensis or their derived species. In seedling tests, Lr53 conferred strong resistance against all five Chinese Pt races tested, and Yr35 showed effectiveness against Pst race CYR34 but susceptibility to race CYR32. Using a large population (3892 recombinant gametes) derived from plants homozygous for the ph1b mutation obtained from the cross 98M71 × CSph1b, both Lr53 and Yr35 were successfully mapped to a 6.03-Mb telomeric region of chromosome arm 6BS in the Chinese Spring reference genome v1.1. Co-segregation between Lr53 and Yr35 was observed within this large mapping population. Within the candidate region, several nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat genes and protein kinases were identified as candidate genes. Marker pku6B3127 was completely linked to both genes and accurately predicted the absence or presence of alien segment harboring Lr53 and Yr35 in 87 tetraploid and 149 hexaploid wheat genotypes tested. We developed a line with a smaller alien segment (< 6.03 Mb) to reduce any potential linkage drag and demonstrated that it conferred resistance levels similar to those of the original donor parent 98M71. The newly developed introgression line and closely linked PCR markers will accelerate the deployment of Lr53 and Yr35 in wheat breeding programs.

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New Puccinia triticina races on wheat in South Africa

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Response of an International Triticale Collection toPuccinia triticinaandPuccinia reconditasensu stricto and Assessment of Temperature Sensitivity in Leaf Rust Isolates

Response of an International Triticale Collection toPuccinia triticinaandPuccinia reconditasensu stricto and Assessment of Temperature Sensitivity in Leaf Rust Isolates

Accomplishments in wheat rust research in South Africa

Mapping and characterization of rust resistance genes Lr53 and Yr35 introgressed from Aegilops species

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