New record of Serpocaulon triseriale (Sw.) A.R. Sm. (Polypodiaceae) in Argentina, with morphological comparison of relatives

Abstract

Serpocaulon triseriale (Sw.) A.R. Sm. is considered the most widespread species in the genus. It has been recorded from south of Mexico to Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil. Here, we expand its distribution by reporting a new record from Salta province, Argentina, based on material that was previously misidentified as S. polystichum (Link) A.R. Sm. We compare the S. triseriale and S. polystichum with their relatives (S. attenuatum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) A.R. Sm., and S. rex Schwartsb. & A.R. Sm.), providing photographs of the plants in the field, SEM images of the spores and light photos of the rhizome scales to discriminate S. rex from S. triseriale. In addition, distributional records are included.

Taxonomic Revision of Serpocaulon (Polypodiaceae)

“…This extended distribution matches our records, but we have not seen specimens from Paraguay. Labiak et al (2008), Cacharani et al (2014, 2016), and Ponce and Arana (2018) confused this species with Serpocaulon triseriale in the Argentine Flora (Sanín et al, 2019b).…”

“…Endemic taxa for each center are marked with a plus sign (+). New records for each country are marked with an asterisk (*) and follow , Smith et al (2006Smith et al ( , 2018, Labiak and Prado (2008), Schwartsburd and Smith (2013), Sanín (2018), and Sanín et al (2019aSanín et al ( , 2019b. Species…”

“…Schwartsburd and Smith (2013) described this species as a narrow endemic to the Atlantic Rain Forest's Seasonal Semi-deciduous Forest from Brazil, with the expectation it would be found outside this region. Sanín et al (2019b) reported Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul States. Here, we report it for Espírito Santo, Mato Grosso, and Rio de Janeiro States, as well as Bolivia, Ecuador, and Paraguay.…”

Ferns and Lycophytes of Pernambuco state, Brazil: Serpocaulon (Polypodiaceae)

“…and S. attenuatum due to the impressed venation and lanceolate and patent rhizome scales. However, it is distinguished from S. rex by its short-creeping rhizome, 1-4 rows of sori between the costa and the margin, smooth margin of the pinnae, and flat and connected verrucae ornamentation of the spore (vs. longcreeping rhizome, 4-6 rows of sori between the costa and the margin, crenate margin of the pinnae, and prominent and not connected verrucae ornamentation of the spore) (Sanín et al 2019). On the other hand, S. triseriale can be distinguished from S. attenuatum by its pinnate laminae with 1-4 rows of sori between the costa and the margin (vs. pinnatisect laminae and 1-2 rows of sori between the costa and the margin) (Sanín et al 2019).…”