New records of bacteria in different species of fleas from France and Spain

Zurita, Antonio; Benkacimi, Linda; Karkouri, Khalid El; Cutillas, Cristina; Parola, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101648

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Bacteria of the order Rickettsiales were discovered infecting 12 species belonging to seven genera of fleas. The following 14 bacterial species were identified : Anaplasma phagocytophilum [ 22 ] , A. marginale [ 23 ] , A. ovis [ 23 ] , Erlichia canis [ 23 ] , Rickettsia felis [ 24 ] , R. helvetica [ 25 ] , R. raoultii [ 26 ] , R. hoogstraalii [ 27 ] , R. australis [ 27 ] , R. asembonensis [ 28 ] , R. typhi [ 24 ] and three species closely related with R. felis [ 29 ] , R. senegalensis [ 30 ] and Candidatus R. kotlanii [ 30 ]. The host from which the fleas were collected were often pets [ 31 ]; less commonly, fleas infected with rickettsiae were collected from hedgehogs [ 28 ], rodents [ 25 ] and foxes [ 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rickettsiales in the WHO European Region: an update from a One Health perspective

Guccione

Colomba

Iaria³

2023

Parasites Vectors

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Background The availability of molecular techniques has significantly increased our understanding of bacteria of the order Rickettsiales, allowing the identification of distinct species in both vector and host arthropods. However, the literature lacks studies that comprehensively summarize the vast amount of knowledge generated on this topic in recent years. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the distribution of Rickettsiales in arthropod vectors, animals and humans in the WHO European Region in order to provide useful information to predict the emergence of certain diseases in specific geographical areas and to formulate hypotheses regarding the possible pathogenetic role of some rickettsial species in the etiology of human pathological conditions. Methods A systematic review of the literature in the PubMed and EMBASE databases was conducted following the PRISMA methodology using the search terms “Spotted fever” OR “rickettsiosis” OR “ricketts*” AND all the countries of the WHO European Region, from 1 January 2013 to 12 February 2022. Only studies that identified rickettsiae in human, animal or arthropod samples using molecular techniques were included in the review. Results A total of 467 articles considering 61 different species of Rickettsiales with confirmed or suspected human pathogenicity were analyzed in the review. More than 566 identifications of Rickettsiales DNA in human samples were described, of which 89 cases were assessed as importation cases. A total of 55 species of ticks, 17 species of fleas, 10 species of mite and four species of lice were found infected. Twenty-three species of Rickettsiales were detected in wild and domestic animal samples. Conclusion The routine use of molecular methods to search for Rickettsiales DNA in questing ticks and other blood-sucking arthropods that commonly bite humans should be encouraged. Molecular methods specific for Rickettsiales should be used routinely in the diagnostics of fever of unknown origin and in all cases of human diseases secondary to an arthropod bite or animal contact. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rickettsiales in the WHO European Region: an update from a One Health perspective

Guccione

Colomba

Iaria³

2023

Parasites Vectors

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“…Rickettsia felis was reported in I. scapularis in Romania and in D. variabilis in USA [ 101 , 102 , 103 ]. Rickettsia felis was also detected in flea samples collected from domestic animals, including cats, in Greece [ 103 ], and in C. felis and C. canis collected from dogs and cats in Italy [ 104 ], from Archaeopsylla erinacei , Ctenophthalmus baeticus boisseauorum , and C. felis in Spain, France, and in Ixodes hexagonus in Italy [ 105 , 106 ]. Individuals who sleep near flea-infested reservoir cats and dogs, or pets belonging to owners traveling in endemic areas, are at higher risk of becoming infected with rickettsiosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protozoan and Microbial Pathogens of House Cats in the Province of Tekirdag in Western Turkey

Muz

Erat

Mumcuoglu³

2021

Pathogens

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Domestic felines' re-emerging infectious and neglected zoonotic diseases are a significant focus of global "One Health" efforts. This study aimed to rapidly diagnose 14 pathogens, including zoonoses by using PCR primers in 167 client-owned symptomatic cats, routinely accepted to the Veterinary Clinics of Tekirdag. The prevalence of pathogens investigated were as follows: Babesia canis canis (24%), Babesia microti (2.4%), Hepatozoon felis (10.8%), Cytauxzoon felis (6.6%), Bartonella henselae (40.1%), Anaplasma platys (30.5%), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (7.2%), Rickettsia felis (26.3%), Borrelia burgdorferi (21%), and hemotropic Mycoplasma sp. (11.4%). There was a significant difference between the prevalence of the pathogens (?2 = 152.26, df = 9, p < 0.001). There was also a statistical difference between the gender of the cats in terms of the prevalence of all pathogens considered together (?2 = 4.80, df = 1, p = 0.028), where the female cats showed a higher prevalence. This was not the case for the different age groups (?2 = 2.92, df = 1, p=0.088). The lowest infection was observed for B. microti (p < 0.001), while the highest infection was observed for B. henselae (p < 0.01). Leishmania donovani, Plasmodium spp., Ehrlichia chaffeensis, and Neoehrlichia mikurensis PCR test results were negative in all samples. In conclusion, house cats of Tekirdag are apparently highly susceptible to some neglected zoonoses important for "One Health," and their prevalence in the region is most probably underestimated. Hence, applying PCR tests to assist fast clinic diagnosis in routine, may be an efficient option to protect the public as well as the cats from severe diseases.

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“…The latest fleas recorded from mammals from Andalusia included several species such as Ctenocephalides felis , C. canis , Pulex irritans , Archaeopsylla erinacei , Spilopsyllus cuniculi and Nosopsyllus barbarus (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae) (Jordan and Rothschild, 1912) (Zurita et al, 2021). Furthermore, many of the flea species mentioned above have been widely cited for their potential vectorial role in the transmission of numerous pathogenic bacteria such as several Rickettsia (Da Rocha Lima, 1916) and Bartonella (Strong et al, 1915) specie s (Bitam et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of flea infestation in cats and dogs in Western Andalusia, Spain: Seasonality and other risk factors for flea infestation

Zurita,

Trujillo,

García‐Sánchez

et al. 2024

Medical Vet Entomology

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This epidemiological survey aims to provide an update on the main flea species that parasitize domestic animals in the Western Andalusia assessing several ecological features that could be considered as possible risk factors for flea infestation. Over a 19‐month period (June 2021 to January 2023), we obtained a total of 802 flea samples from 182 dogs (Canis lupus familiaris, Carnivora: Canidae, Linnaeus, 1758) and 78 cats (Felis silvestris catus, Carnivora: Felidae, Schreber, 1775). For each parasitized host, an epidemiological survey was completed, including the following information: geographical origin, age, sex, rural or urban habitat, type of animal's lifestyle (domestic or non‐domestic), health status, cohabiting or not with other animals and the total number of collected fleas. The most common species was Ctenocephalides felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) (Bouché, 1835) with a total of 713 specimens, which accounted for 89% of the total fleas. The second most abundant species was Pulex irritans (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) (Linnaeus, 1758) with a total of 46 collected fleas (6% of the total). The remaining species identified were Archaeopsylla erinacei (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) (Bouché, 1835) (25 specimens), Spilopsyllus cuniculi (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) (Dale, 1878) (12 specimens) and Ctenocephalides canis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) (Curtis, 1826) (6 specimens), which accounted for 3%, 1% and 1%, respectively, of the total fleas collected. The months with the highest number of collected fleas were, in ascending order, May 2022, September 2021 and July 2021. Dogs had a greater diversity of flea species, and flea sex ratios were female biased in all identified species and among all studied hosts. Finally, we identified some potential host risk factors that promoted higher flea intensities, such as living in rural areas, or presenting other pathologies.

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New records of bacteria in different species of fleas from France and Spain

Cited by 13 publications

References 86 publications

Rickettsiales in the WHO European Region: an update from a One Health perspective

Rickettsiales in the WHO European Region: an update from a One Health perspective

Protozoan and Microbial Pathogens of House Cats in the Province of Tekirdag in Western Turkey

Survey of flea infestation in cats and dogs in Western Andalusia, Spain: Seasonality and other risk factors for flea infestation

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