New Reference PMHS Tests to Assess Whole-Body Pedestrian Impact Using a Simplified Generic Vehicle Front-End

A detailed finite element model of a mid-sized male for the investigation of traffic pedestrian accidents

“…The whole-body kinematic response of the M50-P model was validated against two PMHS experiments where CPC scenarios were created using (1) a mid-sized sedan and (2) simplified generic vehicle bucks. 18,19 In both tests, the PMHS’s were positioned laterally at the centerline of the vehicles to recreate the most frequent pedestrian accident scenario. 63 The PMHS’s were supported by harnesses and released before the vehicle impact.…”

“…In the generic vehicles test three types of vehicle profiles, representing the sedan, SUV and Van (Figure 5) were mounted on a sled to impact PMHS. 19,64 The subjects had various boney land marks tracked during the impact with markers screwed into bones. The position of each specimen was modified with respect to their anthropometry and the shape of the generic vehicle profiles to maximize the geometrical correspondence between different impact cases.…”

“…The upper body kinematic responses were scaled based on the SAE J2868 and no scaling was applied to the lower extremities. 19 In the simulations, the M50-P model posturing procedures were the same as for the mid-sized sedan simulation 18 (Figure B1). M50-P marker nodes were defined and tracked on the head, shoulder, T1, T4, T12, sacrum, right knee, and right ankle by interpolating the node position with the corresponding bones (Figure 5).…”

“…These anatomical additions were validated against the latest regional Post Mortem Human Surrogate (PMHS) tests. Then, the whole-body detailed model was validated in recent PMHS CPC tests against marker coordinates 18,19 and previously unpublished time histories of the coronal knee angle. 19 The coronal knee angle data was calculated and presented in this study to be used in future for validations of other pedestrian models as well.…”

“…Then, the whole-body detailed model was validated in recent PMHS CPC tests against marker coordinates 18,19 and previously unpublished time histories of the coronal knee angle. 19 The coronal knee angle data was calculated and presented in this study to be used in future for validations of other pedestrian models as well. A similar pedestrian FE model, THUMS, has previously been developed and validated, 13,20 but this model was developed using commercial databases 10,20 which possess some limitations including unknown bone thickness and uncertainties regarding the shape and location of internal organs.…”