New remains of Eremotherium laurillardi (Lund, 1842) (Megatheriidae, Xenarthra) from the coastal region of Ecuador

Tito, Giuseppe

doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2008.05.001

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The inclusion of the measurements of the femur CPP 1122 (maximum proximal width ¼ 40.5 cm; minimum width of the diaphysis (preserved) ¼ 29.3 cm) in the data analyzed by Tito (2008: Fig. 9), positioned the specimen from Uberaba close to the regression equation obtained for E. laurillardi (y ¼ 0.4769x þ 63.168 and R 2 ¼ 0.8995; Tito, 2008) than that for M. americanum.…”

Section: Remarks and Taxonomic Assignmentmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…The comparison of the maximum proximal width of the femur CPP 1122 (40.5 cm) with data on E. laurillardi and M. americanum (see Tito, 2008) suggests that CPP 1122 correspond to an adult individual of large size. Similarly, the absence of clear sutures in the skull bones and fusion of the neural arch with the vertebral body in the complete thoracic vertebra indicate that CPP 1122 is an adult individual.…”

Section: Remarks and Taxonomic Assignmentmentioning

confidence: 79%

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First record of Eremotherium laurillardi (Lund, 1842) (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Megatheriidae) in the Quaternary of Uberaba, Triângulo Mineiro (Minas Gerais State), Brazil

Martinelli

Ferraz

Cunha

et al. 2012

Journal of South American Earth Sciences

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Section: Remarks and Taxonomic Assignmentmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Remarks and Taxonomic Assignmentmentioning

confidence: 79%

First record of Eremotherium laurillardi (Lund, 1842) (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Megatheriidae) in the Quaternary of Uberaba, Triângulo Mineiro (Minas Gerais State), Brazil

Martinelli

Ferraz

Cunha

et al. 2012

Journal of South American Earth Sciences

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“…Another Pleistocene ground sloth with a broad geographical distribution is the Panamerican Megatheriinae Eremotherium , which is recorded from North America (e.g. states of Texas, Florida and New Jersey) to South America (mainly in Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela) (Cartelle & De Iuliis ; Tito ; McDonald & Lundelius ). For Eremotherium , Carlini et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nothrotheriopssp. (Mammalia, Xenarthra) from the Late Pleistocene of Argentina: implications for the dispersion of ground sloths during the Great American Biotic Interchange

Brandoni

Vezzosi

2019

Boreas

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The aim of this contribution is to describe a femur (MCRS 199) assigned to Nothrotheriops sp. from the Late Pleistocene of Santa Fe Province (Argentina), and discuss the implications of this find in the context of the dispersal of ground sloths during the Great American Biotic Interchange. The specimen MCRS 199 is smaller than the femora referred to the North American species Nothrotheriops texanus and Nothrotheriops shastensis but shares several features with these species: (i) shape and position of the greater trochanter, (ii) development of the lesser trochanter, (iii) presence of connection between the third trochanter and the ectepicondyle, (iv) distal third of the femur wider, with ML/DW index of 1.93, and (v) location and relationship of the distal condyles. These similarities allow us to assign MCRS 199 to Nothrotheriops sp. The record of Nothrotheriops sp. from Santa Fe Province chronologically coincides with the earliest records of Nothrotheriops shastensis suggesting a broad geographical distribution of Nothrotheriops during the Late Pleistocene, ranging from 33–36°N (e.g. states of California and Arizona, USA) to 31°S (northern Salado River, Santa Fe Province, Argentina). Thus, Nothrotheriops have dispersed from North America (where Nothrotheriops has early records, Calabrian–Middle Pleistocene) to South America where localities bearing Nothrotheriops are Late Pleistocene in age. In addition, once in South America and probably during the Middle Pleistocene, Nothrotheriops probably gave rise to its sister taxon, Nothrotherium, with records from the Middle Pleistocene (e.g. 223 ka BP, northeastern Brazil) to the Late Pleistocene (e.g. 15 ka BP).

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“…Diprotodontia includes short‐tailed vombatiformes ( Phascolarctos and Vombatus ), and long‐tailed macropodiformes (e.g., Dendrolagus ) and phalangeriformes (e.g., Trichosurus ). Within Pilosa, modern two‐toed ( Choloepus ) and three‐toed ( Bradypus ) sloths have likely independently evolved tail loss as these living taxa are distantly related and all known fossil genera have long tails (Tito, ). Other modern representatives of Pilosa include anteaters, some of which have long nonprehensile (e.g., Myrmecophaga ) or long prehensile (e.g., Tamandua ) tails.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postsacral Vertebral Morphology in Relation to Tail Length Among Primates and Other Mammals

Russo

2014

The Anatomical Record

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Tail reduction/loss independently evolved in a number of mammalian lineages, including hominoid primates. One prerequisite to appropriately contextualizing its occurrence and understanding its significance is the ability to track evolutionary changes in tail length throughout the fossil record. However, to date, the bony correlates of tail length variation among living taxa have not been comprehensively examined. This study quantifies postsacral vertebral morphology among living primates and other mammals known to differ in relative tail length (RTL). Linear and angular measurements with known biomechanical significance were collected on the first, mid-, and transition proximal postsacral vertebrae, and their relationship with RTL was assessed using phylogenetic generalized leastsquares regression methods. Compared to shorter-tailed primates, longertailed primates possess a greater number of postsacral vertebral features associated with increased proximal tail flexibility (e.g., craniocaudally longer vertebral bodies), increased intervertebral body joint range of motion (e.g., more circularly shaped cranial articular surfaces), and increased leverage of tail musculature (e.g., longer spinous processes). These observations are corroborated by the comparative mammalian sample, which shows that distantly related short-tailed (e.g., Phascolarctos, Lynx) and long-tailed (e.g., Dendrolagus, Acinonyx) nonprimate mammals morphologically converge with short-tailed (e.g., Macaca tonkeana) and long-tailed (e.g., Macaca fascicularis) primates, respectively. Multivariate models demonstrate that the variables examined account for 70% (all mammals) to 94% (only primates) of the variance in RTL. Results of this study may be used to infer the tail lengths of extinct primates and other mammals, thereby improving our understanding about the evolution of tail reduction/ loss. Anat Rec, 298:354-375, 2015. V C 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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New remains of Eremotherium laurillardi (Lund, 1842) (Megatheriidae, Xenarthra) from the coastal region of Ecuador

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

First record of Eremotherium laurillardi (Lund, 1842) (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Megatheriidae) in the Quaternary of Uberaba, Triângulo Mineiro (Minas Gerais State), Brazil

First record of Eremotherium laurillardi (Lund, 1842) (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Megatheriidae) in the Quaternary of Uberaba, Triângulo Mineiro (Minas Gerais State), Brazil

Nothrotheriopssp. (Mammalia, Xenarthra) from the Late Pleistocene of Argentina: implications for the dispersion of ground sloths during the Great American Biotic Interchange

Postsacral Vertebral Morphology in Relation to Tail Length Among Primates and Other Mammals

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