New Results on the Key Scheduling Algorithm of RC4

Akgün, Mete; Kavak, Pınar; Demirci, Hüseyin

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-89754-5_4

Cited by 27 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…An improved key recovery approach with high probability of success as compared to [18] is achieved by Biham and Carmeli in [19], where authors have used differential equations instead of basic modular equations. The key recovery from state was further improved by authors in [20] by using equation solving approach. The technique discussed by authors in [20] is known to be the more efficient and faster approach form key recovery from state.…”

Section: Key Recovery From Statementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The key recovery from state was further improved by authors in [20] by using equation solving approach. The technique discussed by authors in [20] is known to be the more efficient and faster approach form key recovery from state. Another key recovery approach was discussed in [21] which is again an improvement over the technique given by [19].…”

Section: Key Recovery From Statementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Survey on RC4 Stream Cipher

Jindal

Singh²

2015

IJCNIS

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Abstract-RC4 is one of the most widely used stream cipher due to its simplicity, speed and efficiency. In this paper we have presented a chronological survey of RC4 stream cipher demonstrating its weaknesses followed by the various RC4 enhancements from the literature. From the recently observed cryptanalytic attempts on RC4 it is established that innovative research efforts are required to develop secure RC4 algorithm, which can remove the weaknesses of RC4, such as biased bytes, key collisions, and key recovery attacks specifically on WEP and WPA. These flaws in RC4 are offering open challenge for developers. Hence our chronological survey corroborates the fact that even though researchers are working on RC4 stream cipher since last two decades, it still offers a plethora of research issues related to statistical weaknesses in either state or keystream.

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Section: Key Recovery From Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Key Recovery From Statementioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on RC4 Stream Cipher

Jindal

Singh²

2015

IJCNIS

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“…The results can be seen in Table 2. Very recently, Akgün, Kavak and Demirci [1] have developed new biases for RC4, combined them with previous results and provided a new key recovery algorithm from the internal state. It performs better than existing ones including ours.…”

Section: Theoremmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It performs better than existing ones including ours. In particular, in a theorem similar to Theorem 1, they provide a lower bound for the probability that fully exploit the distribution of the noises, leaving a room to unify the biases from [1] with those from Theorem 1 in a future work.…”

Section: Theoremmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On Reconstruction of RC4 Keys from Internal States

Khazaei

Meier

2008

Mathematical Methods in Computer Science

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A survey of lightweight stream ciphers for embedded systems

Manifavas

Hatzivasilis

Fysarakis

et al. 2015

Security Comm. Networks

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Pervasive computing constitutes a growing trend, aiming to embed smart devices into everyday objects. The limited resources of these devices and the ever‐present need for lower production costs, lead to the research and development of lightweight cryptographic mechanisms. Block ciphers, the main symmetric key cryptosystems, perform well in this field. Nevertheless, stream ciphers are also relevant in ubiquitous computing applications, as they can be used to secure the communication in applications where the plaintext length is either unknown or continuous, like network streams. This paper provides the latest survey of stream ciphers for embedded systems. Lightweight implementations of stream ciphers in embedded hardware and software are examined as well as relevant authenticated encryption schemes. Their speed and simplicity enable compact and low‐power implementations, allow them to excel in applications pertaining to resource‐constrained devices. The outcomes of the International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission 29192‐3 standard and the cryptographic competitions eSTREAM and Competition for Authenticated Encryption: Security, Applicability, and Robustness are summarized along with the latest results in the field. However, cryptanalysis has proven many of these schemes are actually insecure. From the 31 designs that are examined, only six of them have been found to be secure by independent cryptanalysis. A constrained benchmark analysis is performed on low‐cost embedded hardware and software platforms. The most appropriate and secure solutions are then mapped in different types of applications. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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New Results on the Key Scheduling Algorithm of RC4

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

A Survey on RC4 Stream Cipher

A Survey on RC4 Stream Cipher

On Reconstruction of RC4 Keys from Internal States

A survey of lightweight stream ciphers for embedded systems

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