New single crystal scintillators: CsCaCl3:Eu and CsCaI3:Eu

Zhuravleva, Mariya; Blalock, Bonnie Dell; Yang, Kan; Koschan, Merry; Melcher, Charles L.

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2012.02.025

Cited by 71 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…A europium concentration of 3 mol % was attained through substituting EuI 2 for CaI 2 in an otherwise 1:1 mixture of CsI:CaI 2 . This activator concentration was previously determined to produce optimal results in the CCI matrix [8]. Quartz growth ampoules were loaded with the precursor components within the controlled atmosphere and then transported to a high vacuum furnace and dried at 250 1C and 10 -7 Torr for several hours prior to sealing with an H 2 -O 2 torch.…”

Section: Crystal Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, melt grown crystals of CsCaBr 3 :Eu are reported to possess a light yield of $29,000 photons/MeV and 9.3% energy resolution at 662 keV [6]. Recent reports on the scintillation properties of CsCaI 3: Eu (CCI) crystals grown from the melt using the vertical Bridgman technique (VBT) have shown promising performance with $ 40,000 photons/MeV yet cite poor crystalline quality and inhomogeneity as causes of decreased energy resolution [7,8]. This has prompted an effort to produce higher quality crystals of CCI through growth experiments aimed at identifying and obviating commonly encountered bulk defects using VBT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crystal growth and spectroscopic performance of large crystalline boules of CsCaI3:Eu scintillator

Lindsey

McAlexander

Stand

et al. 2015

Journal of Crystal Growth

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a b s t r a c tThe crystal growth of CsCaI 3 :Eu with improved quality over prior efforts for use in X-ray and gamma-ray detection applications is reported. Boules were grown using the vertical Bridgman technique in quartz ampoules at 15, 22, and 35 mm diameters. CsCaI 3 :Eu crystals show evidence of a heavily twinned microstructure likely caused by a solid-solid phase transformation of the crystal during the cooling process. Energy resolution (FWHM) in large and small samples taken from crystalline boules varies between 13% and 4.5% for 662 keV gamma rays indicating volumetric non-uniformity. Scintillation decay time is shown to increase with volume. Proportionality of the light yield of CsCaI 3 :Eu is reported for the first time.

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Section: Crystal Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystal growth and spectroscopic performance of large crystalline boules of CsCaI3:Eu scintillator

Lindsey

McAlexander

Stand

et al. 2015

Journal of Crystal Growth

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“…In the PL spectrum, a sharp peak at 440 nm corresponding to the 5d4f transition of Eu 2+ is observed. 8) The PLE spectrum for the PL band at 440 nm shows a bell-shaped band at around 220270 nm and a staircase structured band at around 330400 nm. These bands are featured with the 4f 7 4f…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Properties of optically and thermally stimulated luminescence of novel storage phosphor materials: Doped and undoped CsCaCl<sub>3</sub> ceramics

Noda

Koshimizu

Fujimoto

et al. 2017

J. Ceram. Soc. Japan

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We report the properties of CsCaCl 3 , storage phosphors doped with Eu, Ce, or Cu. Both doped and undoped CsCaCl 3 samples were synthesized as ceramics. For undoped CsCaCl 3 , thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) spectrum showed a broad band around 360390 nm, and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) spectrum exhibited the same band with a shoulder near 320 nm. These bands were attributed to different kinds of defects or impurities. The OSL and TSL spectra of Eu-doped CsCaCl 3 showed a band around 440 nm arising from the 5d4f transition of Eu 2+. The Ce-doped CsCaCl 3 showed the OSL and TSL bands originating from the 5d4f transition of Ce 3+ . An intense band at 345 nm appeared in the OSL spectrum of Cu-doped CsCaCl 3 due to Cu + , and an additional peak at 430 nm was ascribed to Cu + ion perturbed by OH ¹ ion. On the other hand, the TSL spectrum of Cu-doped CsCaCl 3 had a peak around 470 nm and it was assigned to Cu 2+ . The TSL glow curves of the undoped, Eudoped, Ce-doped, and Cu-doped CsCaCl 3 were different from each other. This suggested that the dopant ions influenced the trapping process of electronhole pairs, which were formed upon irradiation.

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“…(20,21) In addition to the excellent scintillation characteristics, these perovskite chloride host crystals require no special handling or packaging techniques because they are less hygroscopic than commercial halide scintillators such as NaI:Tl and (24,25) to our best knowledge, no other study on crystal growth, photoluminescence, and scintillation properties of the CsSrCl 3 :Ce has been reported so far. In this paper, we report the photoluminescence and scintillation characterizations of the CsSrCl 3 :Ce crystal grown by the vertical Bridgman method.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Auger-free luminescence (AFL), that is, radiative electric transition from the valence band to the outermost core band, in undoped CsMgCl 3 , CsCaCl 3 , and CsSrCl 3 crystals have been intensely studied because of their interesting characteristics such as fast decay times with high thermal stability. (6)(7)(8)(9) The rare-earth-, transition-metal-, and s 2 -ion-doped perovskite chloride crystals have attracted the most attention as the phosphor, (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) magnetic material, (16)(17)(18)(19) and scintillator, (19)(20)(21)(22)(23) and then their crystal growth and characterizations have been reported by some researchers. Among the rare-earth-doped crystals, CsCaCl 3 :Eu and CsSrCl 3 :Eu are proposed to be promising X-ray and gamma-ray scintillators because of their high light yield (~18000 photons/MeV) owing to a 5d-4f allowed transition of Eu…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizations of CsSrCl3:Ce Crystalline Scintillator

2017

Sensors and Materials

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We report on the photoluminescence and scintillation characterizations of a new CsSrCl 3 :Ce (0.5 mol%) crystalline scintillator grown by the vertical Bridgman method. The fluorescence quantum efficiency (QE) for the Ce 3+ 5d-4f allowed transitions at around 365-425 nm was 90%under excitation of 315 nm light. The photoluminescence decay time of Ce 3+ was approximately 28 ns. When X-rays excited the crystal, intense emission bands were observed at 350-400 nm, which could be attributed to the Ce 3+ characteristic emission. The scintillation light yield of the developed crystal was ~8600 photons/MeV compared with a NaI:Tl commercial scintillator, and the principal scintillation decay time was approximately 626 ns plus two fast components of around 3.8 and 57 ns.

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New single crystal scintillators: CsCaCl3:Eu and CsCaI3:Eu

Cited by 71 publications

References 10 publications

Crystal growth and spectroscopic performance of large crystalline boules of CsCaI3:Eu scintillator

Crystal growth and spectroscopic performance of large crystalline boules of CsCaI3:Eu scintillator

Properties of optically and thermally stimulated luminescence of novel storage phosphor materials: Doped and undoped CsCaCl<sub>3</sub> ceramics

Characterizations of CsSrCl3:Ce Crystalline Scintillator

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