A B S T R A C TDeclines or extinctions of the native northeast Pacific intertidal blue mud shrimp, Upogebia pugettensis (Dana, 1852), over the species range are directly associated with intense infestations by the introduced Asian bopyrid isopod parasite, Orthione griffenis Markham, 2004. Single point sampling sites and anecdotal records poorly resolve how this interaction occurs within estuaries and among geographical regions. This broad scale interaction can only be resolved at the meta-population scales over which they occur but the surveys needed for this research are proceeding slowly or, in most cases, have not begun. The large efforts and major field and computational resources that grid or random point surveys employed for this work to date have proven to be major obstacles. We therefore tested a new method in Alsea Bay, Oregon, in which shrimp bed perimeters and areas are algebraically defined previous to direct sampling within predefined population areas. This new method is intuitive, reduces logistics, greatly reduces field and computational resources and produces equally useful results to previous survey methods. The Alsea Bay populations of U. pugettensis surveyed by these new methods are sufficiently abundant to remain "ecosystem engineers." However, intense infestations of their populations by Orthione cause significant reproductive losses. The Alsea Bay population appears to be declining along with all other known U. pugettensis in Oregon estuaries. -1980s (Dumbauld, 2011Chapman et al., 2012). All known populations of Upogebia are intensely infested by Orthione, which effectively castrate their female hosts (Smith et al., 2008;Chapman et al., 2012). All populations of Upogebia between Vancouver, British Columbia and Morro Bay, California appear to be declining (Chapman et al., 2012). The nature of Orthione's virulence and its effects on Upogebia-populations are unexpected and poorly known. Upogebia are the only host of Orthione north of Morro Bay (Chapman et al., 2012). Recruitment of such single host parasites normally decline when their only available hosts decline (O'Keefe and Antonovics, 2002;Deredec and Courchamp, 2003). Orthione prevalence, however, does not decline with abundances of Upogebia (Dumbauld * Corresponding author; e-mail: john.chapman@oregonstate.edu Chapman et al., 2012). Moreover, Orthione produce multiple broods and appear to survive past the reproductive competence of their host populations (Chapman et al., 2012). The nonindigenous origins of Orthione in North America and the absence of refuges for its new hosts preclude assumptions of the hosts' resilience, equilibrium domains or otherwise long-term persistence (Chapman et al., 2012). Understanding how this interaction occurs is therefore critical for any conservation efforts. Emerging questions that cannot be addressed from existing information include: whether Upogebia have refuges or variable population structures within or among estuaries, the magnitudes of local and coast-wide extinctions and population declines, wh...