New Species of Connarus (Connaraceae) From Peru

Forero, Enrique

doi:10.2307/2398823

Cited by 2 publications

(57 citation statements)

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“…Connarus L. is the largest genus in Connaraceae, comprising ca. 80 species (Lemmens & al., 2004), mainly from lowland tropical wet forests or savannas of South America, Central Africa, Madagascar and Southeast Asia (Leenhouts, 1958;Forero, 1983;Lemmens, 1989b). Although the genus is pantropical, its highest species richness is in the Neotropics, where approximately three-fourths of the total taxa occur (57 species are here recognized).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Neotropical region, most species are distributed in the Amazon, followed by the Atlantic Forest, where nearly all taxa are restricted to each of these domains. Some species are dispersed in Central America, occasionally reaching adjacent islands of the Caribbean; only a few taxa surpass the Tropic of Cancer in south Mexico (Forero, 1983).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Silva & al., 2016), viral infestation, reported for C. cochinchinensis Pierre (Rizwana & al., 2010), among others (Coe & al., 2010;Farias & al., 2013;Castilho & al., 2014). The wood of some Neotropical species is appreciated for local folkcraft and construction (Baillon, 1869;Forero, 1983;Lorenzi, 2008Lorenzi, , 2009.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Species of Connarus are usually lianas, shrubs, scandent shrubs or treelets (less frequently trees), morphologically characterized by alternate, compound and imparipinnate leaves without stipules, pentamerous and actinomorphic flowers, androecium with two whorls of 5 + 5 stamens alternating in length, and follicular, attractive fruits with black seeds bearing colorful arils, differing from other Connaraceae especially by the punctate perianth, the single carpel and relatively broader fruits (Forero, 1983;Lemmens, 1989a;Lemmens & al., 2004;Toledo & al., 2020b).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Connarus was described by Linnaeus (1753) based on C. monocarpus L. Ever since this publication, the number of species included in the genus varied greatly depending on the author's concept, and several generic names were published and then synonymized (Forero, 1983). The first attempt to describe a significant number of new taxa in Connarus was made by Candolle (1825a), but the author treated most of the species of the genus known at the time in Omphalobium Gaertn.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A taxonomic revision of Neotropical Connarus (Connaraceae)

Toledo,

Lucas,

Forero

et al. 2024

TAXON

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The pantropical genus Connarus is the largest within Connaraceae and comprises ca. 80 species, most of which occur in the Neotropics. The genus is potentially economically important as several taxa produce metabolites of medicinal interest. Morphologically, Connarus differs from other members of the family mainly by the punctate perianth, the single carpel and follicular and relatively broader fruits than in the other genera. In the decades after the publication of the Flora Neotropica monograph of Connaraceae, new botanical collections have become available, especially in American herbaria, allowing identification of overlooked characters and, hence, redefinition of species circumscriptions. In addition, a significant number of typifications were outdated and taxonomic novelties have recently been proposed – all elements that justify a revisional work. After intensive examination of herbarium specimens and field expeditions, the present study recognizes 57 species, 2 varieties and 2 subspecies of Connarus in the Neotropics; about 100 specific names were evaluated, 39 of which are here considered heterotypic synonyms, 11 of them are new synonyms. The distribution of Neotropical Connarus ranges from south Mexico to south Brazil and, although most species occur in dense wet forests, especially in the Amazonia and Atlantic Forest, some are dispersed in savannas from Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela, in Brazilian coastal vegetations or in montane formations; wide distributions are commonly seen in wet forests from Central America to northern South America, while restricted occurrences or endemism are mainly observed in the Atlantic Forest, Peru and Venezuela. Complete morphological descriptions of the species of Neotropical Connarus are provided here, as well as illustrative images, identification keys, and detailed discussions of their taxonomy, nomenclature, distribution and habitat.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%