New species of Entoloma (Basidiomycetes, Agaricales) from Kerala State, India

Abstract

Three new species of Entoloma (E. suaveolens, E. crassum, and E. aurantioquadratum) are described, illustrated, and discussed based on collections made from Kerala State, India.

Fungal Planet description sheets: 320–370

“…Entoloma perflavidum ( Manimohan et al 2006 ) is characterised by lack of clamp connections and presence of the cheilocystidia, but the pileipellis is a cutis. Entoloma crassum ( Pradeep et al 2012 ) can be recognized by the glabrous pileus (pileipellis is a cutis), fertile lamellae edge and presence of clamp connections in all hyphae. There are differences in the shape and size of spores between considered species.…”

Entoloma shandongense T. Bau & J.R. Wang (Agaricales, Entolomataceae): a new distributional record from India

“…With regard to the blue colouration of the pileus, morphologically E. shandongense resembles some of the previously reported taxa from India and its surrounding countries (Manimohan et al 1995(Manimohan et al , 2006Li et al 2009;Katumoto 2010;He et al 2012;Pradeep et al 2012;Wang and Bau 2013). However, there are morphological differences that permit its identification.…”

“…During a 10-year-long project (Khatua et al 2015), the authors collected an interesting blue coloured species of Entoloma from the state of West Bengal, eastern India. After thorough consultation of available literature (Pegler 1986;Manimohan et al 1995Manimohan et al , 2002Manimohan et al , 2006Raj and Manimohan 2012;Farook et al 2013;Pradeep et al 2012Pradeep et al , 2013Wang and Bau 2013), the species was identified as Entoloma shandongense T. Bau & J. R. Wang and further confirmed by molecular (ITS sequence) data. This collection constitutes the second record of the species and expands its geographical distribution to India.…”

“…As of this date there are reports of ca. 76 species of Entoloma from India (Pegler 1986;Manimohan et al 1995Manimohan et al , 2002Manimohan et al , 2006Raj and Manimohan 2012;Farook et al 2013;Pradeep et al 2012Pradeep et al , 2013, most of which were described as new to science. During a 10-year-long project (Khatua et al 2015), the authors collected an interesting blue coloured species of Entoloma from the state of West Bengal, eastern India.…”

Toxicity Assessment of Wild Mushrooms from the Western Ghats, India: An in Vitro and Sub-Acute in Vivo Study

“…The poisonings associated with E. sinuatum (Hanrahan and Gordon, 1984 ) and E. niphoides (Becker, 1960 ) have reiterated the point made by Pegler and Watling ( 1982 ), that the gray and brown species of Entolomataceae are best avoided. Entoloma species are abundant in the state of Kerala (Manimohan et al, 2006 ) and the new species Entoloma crassum shares many microscopic and macroscopic similarities with its toxic relatives E. sinnuatum and E. niphoides (Pradeep et al, 2012 ) and hence this study explores its toxic potential. Psilocybe mushrooms referred to as “magic mushrooms,” are usually associated with psychiatric complications and are considered as one of the major natural hallucinogenic drugs of abuse (van Amsterdam et al, 2011 ).…”