New species of Parapharyngodon (Nematoda: Pharyngodonidae) parasite of Osteocephalus taurinus (Anura: Hylidae) from Northern Brazilian Amazon Region

First record of Ozolaimus cirratus (Oxyuroidea: Pharyngodonidae) infecting casque-headed tree frog Corythomantis greeningi (Anura: Hylidae) from Northeastern Brazil

“…However, in other searches, already been described [19] and geographically expanded the occurrence record of another pharyngodonid Parapharyngodon silvoi Araújo-Filho et al 2015 infecting the anuran Dermatonotus muelleri (Boettger) in the Caatinga domain [20]. Recently, another pharyngodonid was described, Parapharyngodon curupira Santos et al 2022, for the hylid host Osteocephalus taurinus Steindachner from northern Brazil Amazon region [21]. Another investigation describing a new species of pharyngodonid associated with C. greeningi from the same locality as this study is under development (information from the authors).…”

A new species of Oxyascaris Travassos, 1920 (Nematoda: Cosmocercoidea) parasite of Leptodeira annulata (Serpentes: Colubridae) from Brazil, with a key to the species of the genus

“…However, according to Baker and Vaucher (1985) , the bulb of O. caudacutus is proportionally larger than in other species of Cosmocercinae. We recently observed that species of Aplectana can also be misidentified as Oxyascaris (see the recent reallocation of Aplectana longa to Oxyascaris longum ) and they have a more dilated esophageal bulb than Oxyascaris (see Santos et al, 2023 ). Therefore, based on the recently described species ( Oxyascaris caatingae , O. mcdiarmidi ) and the original descriptions by Freitas (1958) , we propose that the esophageal bulb is reduced in Oxyascaris spp.…”

“…The new species is distinguished from O. mcdiarmidi by the absence of the gubernaculum (present in O. mcdiarmidi ) and the presence of an unpaired papilla on the upper lip of the cloaca (absent in O. mcdiarmidi ). The new species is similar to O. oxyascaris by lacking gubernaculum, but differs by the presence of the unpaired papilla on the upper lip of the cloaca ( Freitas, 1958 ; Bursey and Goldberg, 2007 ; Felix-Nascimento et al, 2020 ; Alcantara et al, 2021 ; Santos et al, 2023 ).…”

“…Oxyascaris longum was originally described as Aplectana longa, and in a recent study conducted by Santos et al (2023) (in press), the species was reallocated into the genus Oxyascaris. Therefore, the new species differs from O. longum by the absence of a gubernaculum (present in O. longum ), the presence of discrete lateral alae (lateral line) in O. annulatum n. sp.…”

“…Currently, there are six species described for this genus: Oxyascaris caatingae Felix-Nascimento, Vieira, Muniz-Pereira, Moura, Ribeiro, Oliveira, 2020) , Oxyascaris caudacutus ( Freitas, 1958 ; Baker and Vaucher 1985 ), Oxyascaris oxyascaris Travassos, 1920 , Oxyascaris similis (Travassos, 1920), Oxyascaris longum ( Alcantara and Silva, 2021 ) = Aplectana longa Alcantara and Silva 2021 and Oxyascaris mcdiarmidi Bursey and Goldberg, 2007 . All known species are distributed across the Neotropical region, in both South and Central America, reported from amphibians and snakes ( Freitas, 1958 ; Bursey and Goldberg, 2007 ; Felix-Nascimento et al, 2020 ; Alcantara et al, 2021 ; Santos et al, 2023 ).…”