New Strategies for Myocardial Infarction Treatment

Abstract

At present, the treatments of myocardial infarction mainly focus on the recanalization of the occluded coronary artery to restore perfusion and prevent myocardial necrosis. To do this, commonly used methods include drug therapy, thrombolytic therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Drug therapiesTraditional drug therapies include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), aldosterone receptor antagonists, β-receptor blockers, and so on [1][2][3] . The main purpose of these treatments is the prevention of left ventricular remodeling. Thrombolytic therapy ABSTRACTMyocardial infarction is due to lasting and serious myocardial ischemia that leads to myocardial necrosis and cardiac remodeling, and can consequently result in heart failure. Traditional treatment for myocardial infarction includes drug therapy, thrombolytic therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Although these treatments can to some extent relieve the symptom of myocardial ischemia, they fail to repair the necrotic heart tissues. Myocardial regeneration is undoubtedly the best solution to the clinical problems of myocardial infarction treatment. The review briefly illustrated the pros and cons of the traditional treatments of myocardial infarction, and focused on the application of new strategies for myocardial infarction treatment using myocardial regeneration.

Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of acute myocardial infarction

“…Troponin and creatine kinase are current biomarkers for AMI diagnosis, whereas percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the common approach, alongside drug therapies. [2][3][4][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] The AMI-related in-hospital mortality rate has decreased remarkably, but overall improvement in patient outcomes still requires further effort. 10,17 Novel biomarkers are being explored with the aim of achieving earlier and more accurate diagnosis of AMI.…”

Biochemical association between the prevalence of genetic polymorphism and myocardial infarction

“…In comparison to thrombolytic therapy, PCI eliminates the thrombus, and the post-intervention reperfusion rate ranges from 95% to 99%. However, there are some potential risks associated with PCI as well, including the possibility of bleeding or infection at the catheter insertion site, an allergic reaction to the contrast dye used, a blood clot in the blood vessel being treated, a ruptured coronary artery, and total closure of the coronary artery (Peng et al, 2017).…”

Left Ventricular Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction: From Physiopathology to Treatment

“…The main goal of treatment in acute MI is to restore myocardial perfusion and prevent necrosis through thrombolysis, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, with a significant reduction in mortality. The benefit of revascularization on cardiac remodeling is the reduction in the size of the infarction, with the consequent improvement of regional and global ventricular function [ 13 , 113 , 114 ].…”