New strategies for submicron characterization the carbon binding of reactive  minerals in long-term contrasting fertilized soils: implications for soil  carbon storage

Xiao, Jian; He, Xinhua; Hao, Jialong; Zhou, Ying; Zheng, Lirong; Wei, Ran; Shen, Qirong; Yu, Guanghui

doi:10.5194/bg-13-3607-2016

Cited by 43 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…al., 2017). Secondary Fe-minerals (e.g., short-range-order (SRO) minerals such as ferrihydrite) have higher capacity than crystalline Fe minerals in organic matter adsorption/binding, due to a higher specific surface area (SSA) and large numbers of hydroxyl groups present on mineral surfaces (Cao et al, 2011;Chen et al, 2014b;Torn et al, 1997;Xiao et al, 2016).…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and mineralogical constraints in iron ore tailings limit soil formation for direct phytostabilization

Liu

Southam

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

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The present study aimed to characterize key physico-chemical and mineralogical attributes of magnetite iron (Fe) ore tailings to identify potential constraints limiting in situ soil formation and direct phytostabilization. Tailings of different age, together with undisturbed local native soils, were sampled from a magnetite mine in Western Australia. Tailings were extremely alkaline (pH> 9.0), with a lack of water stable aggregate and organic matter, and contained abundant primary minerals including mica (e.g., biotite), with low specific surface area (N-BET around 1.2 m g). These conditions remained relatively unchanged after four years' aging under field conditions. Chemical extraction and spectroscopic analysis [e.g., X-ray diffraction (XRD) and synchrotron-based Fe K edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) analysis] revealed that the aging process decreased biotite-like minerals, but increased hematite and magnetite in the tailings. However, the aged tailings lacked goethite, a compound abundant in natural soils. Examination using backscattered-scanning electron microscope - energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (BSE-SEM-EDS) revealed that aged tailings contained discrete sharp edged Fe-bearing minerals that did not physically integrate with other minerals (e.g., Si/Al bearing minerals). In contrast, Fe minerals in native soils appeared randomly distributed and closely amassed with Si/Al rich phyllosilicates, with highly eroded edges. The lack of labile organic matter and the persistence of alkaline-saline conditions may have significantly hindered the bioweathering of Fe-minerals and the biogenic formation of secondary Fe-minerals in tailings. However, there is signature that a native pioneer plant, Maireana brevifolia can facilitate the bioweathering of Fe-bearing minerals in tailings. We propose that eco-engineering inputs like organic carbon accumulation, together with the introduction of functional microbes and pioneer plants, should be adopted to accelerate bioweathering of Fe-bearing minerals as a priority for initiating in situ soil formation in the Fe ore tailings.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and mineralogical constraints in iron ore tailings limit soil formation for direct phytostabilization

Liu

Southam

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Specifically, fertilization regimes alter microbial communities (Wen et al, 2018;Xun et al, 2016), soil pH (Guo et al, 2010), and mobilize iron (Xiao et al, 2016;Yu et al, 2017), which further affect the free radical reaction. Specifically, fertilization regimes alter microbial communities (Wen et al, 2018;Xun et al, 2016), soil pH (Guo et al, 2010), and mobilize iron (Xiao et al, 2016;Yu et al, 2017), which further affect the free radical reaction.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Soil C Stability and Storage Through Microbimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, in this study, we showed that the free radical reaction could be regulated by fertilization regimes. Specifically, fertilization regimes alter microbial communities (Wen et al, 2018;Xun et al, 2016), soil pH (Guo et al, 2010), and mobilize iron (Xiao et al, 2016;Yu et al, 2017), which further affect the free radical reaction. Liu et al (2015) showed that replacing a portion of chemical fertilizers with organic manure successfully reduced greenhouse gas emissions, increased soil C stabilization and storage, and improved crop yields (Liu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Soil C Stability and Storage Through Microbimentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of biodiversity and iron availability on soil peroxide: Implications for soil carbon stabilization and storage

Sun

Liu

et al. 2019

Land Degrad Dev

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Intensive agriculture results in soil degradation, especially with the depletion of soil organic carbon (SOC). Application of organic fertilizers (e.g., animal manures) alone or combined with chemical fertilizers can alleviate soil degradation by increasing soil C while causing variations in soil hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and iron availability.However, the underlying relationships among soil H 2 O 2 production, iron availability, and soil C storage following organic fertilization remain poorly understood. By combining results from three agroecosystem experiments from temperate northern to subtropical southern China with 25-29 years of different fertilization treatments (no fertilization, Control; inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization [NPK]; NPK plus manure [NPKM]), here, we show that NPK treatments increased soil H 2 O 2 but decreased biodiversity (i.e., Shannon index) and SOC compared with NPKM treatments across all of the three experiments. In all of the examined soils, the contents of H 2 O 2 were approximately 0.7-to 7-fold higher under NPK treatment than under Control or NPKM treatments. The contents of H 2 O 2 were significantly affected by the fertilization regimes, experimental places, and their interaction. Compared with Control and NPKM treatments, NPK treatment decreased Shannon index to the greatest extent (~1.5) at the Qiyang experiment in subtropical southern China, followed by Jinxian (~0.6) in subtropical southern China, and Gongzhuling (~0.3) in temperate northern China. There was a significant and negative correlation between soil H 2 O 2 and Shannon index or mobilized iron, indicating that high biodiversity and high mobilized iron were beneficial to the decay of soil H 2 O 2 . Results from microcosm experiments support the field observations, implying that the occurrence of microbial-mediated Fenton-like reactions or free radical reactions was influenced by organic inputs. Together, these findings suggest that long-term manure inputs to soil initialize free radical reactions by activating microbial communities and mobilizing iron, providing benefits for soil C stabilization and storage by increasing recalcitrance and SOC interactions.

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“…Solomon et al (2012) showed high complexity of the organic C functionalities and coexistence of various inorganic compounds in the thin sections from an undisturbed microaggregate of tropical Ultisol using STXM-NEXAFS [26]. They suggested that C stabilization in micro-and nano-scale regions occurred from cumulative results of physical protection and multiple chemical-binding mechanisms on external and internal surface of clay minerals [26,47]. Our results further showed the variation in C functionalities even within the single sonication-resistant aggregate isolated from the size-sorted fraction for the studied Andisol.…”

Section: 2carbon Forms Of the Organo-mineral/metal Nanocompositmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2018, 2, 32 4 of 18 by soft X-ray scanning transmission microscopy (STXM) coupled with near edge X-ray adsorption fine structure (NEXAFS) followed by a detailed microscopic assessment of specific regions of the aggregate using a field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). STXM-NEXAFS was an ideal technique because it allowed us to characterize the spatial distribution of light elements originating from both OM and minerals as well as identifying major C forms [26,[45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. We identified OMN-rich regions within the isolated particle and discussed their possible roles in the development of hierarchical aggregate structure from a pedological perspective with a new conceptual model.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Search of a Binding Agent: Nano-Scale Evidence of Preferential Carbon Associations with Poorly-Crystalline Mineral Phases in Physically-Stable, Clay-Sized Aggregates

et al. 2018

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Mechanisms of protecting soil carbon (C) are still poorly understood despite growing needs to predict and manage the changes in soil C or organic matter (OM) under anticipated climate change. A fundamental question is how the submicron-scale interaction between OM and soil minerals, especially poorly-crystalline phases, affects soil physical aggregation and C stabilization. Nano-sized composites rich in OM and poorly-crystalline mineral phases were presumed to account for high aggregate stability in the Andisol we previously studied. Here we searched for these nanocomposites within a sonication-resistant aggregate using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) as well as electron microscopy (SEM, TEM). Specifically, we hypothesized that nanometer-scale spatial distribution of OM is controlled by poorly-crystalline minerals as both co-exist as physically-stable nanocomposites. After maximum dispersion of the cultivated Andisol A-horizon sample in water, one aggregate (a few µm in diameter) was isolated from 0.2-2 µm size fraction which accounted for 44-47% of total C and N and 50% of poorly-crystalline minerals in bulk soil. This fraction as well as <0.2 µm fraction had much higher extractable Al and Fe contents and showed greater increase in specific surface area (N 2 -BET) upon OM oxidation compared to bulk and >2 µm size fractions, implying high abundance of the nanocomposites in the smaller fractions. The isolated aggregate showed a mosaic of two distinctive regions. Smooth surface regions showed low adsorption intensity of carbon K-edge photon energy (284-290 eV) with well-crystalline mineralogy, whereas rough surface regions had features indicative of the nanocomposites: aggregated nanostructure, high C intensity, X-ray amorphous mineral phase, and the dominance of Si, O, Al, and Fe based on SEM/EDX and TEM/EDX. Carbon functional group chemistry assessed by NEXAFS showed the dominance of amide and carboxyl C over aromatic and aliphatic C with some variation among the four rough surface regions. Together with C and N isotopic patterns among the size fractions (relatively low C:N ratio, high 15 N natural abundance, and more Soil Syst. 2018, 2, 32 2 of 18 positive ∆ 14 C of the <2 µm fractions), our results provided the direct evidence of preferential binding of microbially-altered, potentially-labile C with poorly-crystalline mineral phases at submicron scale. The role of the nanocomposite inferred from this study may help to bridge the knowledge gap between physical aggregation process and biogeochemical reactions taking place within the soil physical structure.

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New strategies for submicron characterization the carbon binding of reactive minerals in long-term contrasting fertilized soils: implications for soil carbon storage

Cited by 43 publications

References 50 publications

Geochemical and mineralogical constraints in iron ore tailings limit soil formation for direct phytostabilization

Geochemical and mineralogical constraints in iron ore tailings limit soil formation for direct phytostabilization

Influence of biodiversity and iron availability on soil peroxide: Implications for soil carbon stabilization and storage

In Search of a Binding Agent: Nano-Scale Evidence of Preferential Carbon Associations with Poorly-Crystalline Mineral Phases in Physically-Stable, Clay-Sized Aggregates

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