New strategies for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Messina, Alessandro; Germano, Chiara; Tavella, Vincenzo Elena; Dodaro, Valentina; Massaro, Alessandro; Vitale, Raffaele; Masturzo, Bianca; Manzoni, Paolo

doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2022.105666

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Airway clearance therapy should be applied as preventive therapy and intensified at the time of acute infections. Protection against respiratory infections includes pneumococcal and yearly influenza vaccination, and if reimbursed, prevention of severe RSV infection with monoclonal antibodies might be beneficial as well until the age of 2 years ( 34 , 43 ).…”

Section: Symptomatic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory morbidity in patients with spinal muscular atrophy—a changing world in the light of disease-modifying therapies

Lagae,

Proesmans,

Van den Hauwe

et al. 2024

Front. Pediatr.

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Respiratory complications are common in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality in these patients. Generalized respiratory and bulbar muscle weakness translates into diverse and complex clinical consequences necessitating strict follow-up and specialized care. The natural history of SMA has evolved drastically in recent years as a result of the introduction of novel, disease-modifying therapies. While the impact of these therapies on motor function is well described in literature, its consequence for respiratory management has not been extensively studied. In this review we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the respiratory morbidities, their follow-up, management, and the impact of novel therapies in SMA.

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Section: Symptomatic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory morbidity in patients with spinal muscular atrophy—a changing world in the light of disease-modifying therapies

Lagae,

Proesmans,

Van den Hauwe

et al. 2024

Front. Pediatr.

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“…15 Given that the peak incidence and severity of disease for RSV occur in the first 2-3 months of life, 16 at a time before infants receiving vaccinations, strategies for active immunization of infants are unlikely to directly reduce the morbidity associated with RSV. 17 Maternal RSV-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies are the first line of defense against RSV infection in neonates and infants through transplacental transfer of antibodies by Fc receptors of syncytiotrophoblast cells in the chorionic villi. 18,19 This Fc receptor-mediated transfer of maternal IgG antibodies begins in early gestation, and by 36 weeks of gestation, the concentration of IgG antibodies in the fetus is typically higher than that in the mother.…”

Section: Vaccination In Pregnancy To Protect the Infantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding New Recommendations for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prevention in Pregnancy

Horgan,

Hughes,

Waller

et al. 2024

Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide with peak hospitalization rates for RSV-mediated illnesses between 2 and 3 months of life. Until very recently, prevention strategies for RSV involved primarily passive immunization of neonates at high risk with monoclonal antibodies and promotion of breastfeeding. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices now recommends passive immunization of all neonates with monoclonal antibodies during RSV season, and the American Association of Pediatrics has endorsed this practice. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved a vaccination for RSV in pregnancy. The CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices has recently recommended RSV vaccination for all pregnant patients between 32 and 36 weeks of gestation who are anticipated to deliver during RSV season if they are not planning nirsevimab for their infants. This recommendation has been endorsed by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine. In this clinical perspective, we review the scientific evidence, potential concerns, challenges, and future considerations for RSV vaccination in pregnancy.

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“…Palivizumab is indicated for children being born prematurely with 35 weeks of gestational age or less, entering their first RSV season, or children <2 years of age with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or hemodynamically significant CHD 24 . In 2022 and 2023, new preventive measures against RSV including a long‐acting monoclonal antibody for passive immunization of infants and a vaccine for maternal immunization were authorized in the European Union and the United States 23,25–27 . These new interventions aim to prevent severe RSV disease also in infants currently outside the population eligible to receive immunization with palivizumab.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 In 2022 and 2023, new preventive measures against RSV including a long-acting monoclonal antibody for passive immunization of infants and a vaccine for maternal immunization were authorized in the European Union and the United States. 23,[25][26][27] These new interventions aim to prevent severe RSV disease also in infants currently outside the population eligible to receive immunization with palivizumab.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,5,11,22 Treatment options against severe RSV infections are limited and prevention remains the most promising strategy to reduce the burden of severe RSV disease. 23 Until late 2023, passive immunization with palivizumab, a monoclonal antibody that needs to be administered monthly during the RSV season, was the only available pharmaceutical intervention to prevent severe RSV disease in at-risk infants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inpatient burden of respiratory syncytial virus in children ≤2 years of age in Germany: A retrospective analysis of nationwide hospitalization data, 2019–2022

Wick,

Poshtiban,

Kramer

et al. 2023

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes respiratory tract disease in seasonal waves, primarily in infants and young children. This study aims to quantify the number of RSV‐related hospitalizations in children ≤2 years of age and to determine corresponding resource use and costs in Germany.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed population‐wide hospital data from the Institute for the Hospital Remuneration System (InEK) from 2019 to 2022. RSV cases were identified using the RSV‐specific 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD‐10) codes J12.1, J20.5, and J21.0. The RSV‐associated proportion of all hospitalizations caused by severe acute respiratory infections (SARIs), clinical manifestations, length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, ventilation rates, and hospitalization costs were retrieved.ResultsWe identified 98,220 hospitalizations (26,052, 15,407, 31,362, and 25,399 in 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively) with a principal RSV diagnosis in children aged ≤2 years in Germany. The majority of RSV hospitalizations (73,178) occurred in infants (<1 year), with annual incidence rates ranging from 14.9 to 28.6 per 1000 population. Fifty‐eight percent of all SARI hospitalizations in this age group were attributable to RSV. In children aged ≤2 years, mean LOS was 4.5 days, 6.1% of cases were admitted to ICU, and 5.3% of cases were ventilated. Mean hospitalization costs per case ranged from €3001 to €3961 over the study period.ConclusionsRSV causes substantial disease burden and is a leading cause of SARI‐related hospital admissions of children ≤2 years of age in Germany. Our results confirm the need to explore and evaluate strategies to prevent RSV in infants and young children.

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New strategies for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Respiratory morbidity in patients with spinal muscular atrophy—a changing world in the light of disease-modifying therapies

Respiratory morbidity in patients with spinal muscular atrophy—a changing world in the light of disease-modifying therapies

Understanding New Recommendations for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prevention in Pregnancy

Inpatient burden of respiratory syncytial virus in children ≤2 years of age in Germany: A retrospective analysis of nationwide hospitalization data, 2019–2022

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