New strategy to grow TiC coatings on titanium alloy: Contact solid carburization by cast iron

Zhao, Ziyuan; Hui, Pengfei; Wang, Tao; Wang, Xu; Xu, Yunhua; Zhong, Lisheng; Zhao, Mingxuan

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.02.235

Cited by 52 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…At the beginning of carburizing process, carbonaceous gas was decomposed from carburizer for high temperature, and soon afterwards generated free atomic carbons through reduction reaction. Most carbons were absorbed by the sample surface and diffused into the substrate [21]. Then, TiC ceramic layer possessing certain thickness formed on the surface in a short term due to the sufficient carbon content.…”

Section: The Growth Mechanism Of Tic Ceramic Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure, tribological properties, and the growth mechanism of in-situ generated TiC in titanium cermet

et al. 2021

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Titanium cermet combining metallic toughness with ceramic wear resistance has been proven to be a potential candidate for implanted joint material. In this work, titanium cermet was synthesized by means of the elevated temperature solid carburizing technology. The Ti13Nb13Zr alloy surface was found to be converted into TiC ceramic layer combined with a carbon strengthened diffusion zone underneath. The overall thickness of the carburized region grew to about 100 µm after 120 min carburization at 1,500 K. In order to clarify the growth behaviors of TiC ceramic layer, a growth mechanism is proposed. At the beginning of carburizing process, carbonaceous gas decomposed from carburizer due to high temperature and then converted to free atomic carbons through reduction reaction. Then, in-situ generated TiC ceramic layer possessing certain thickness formed on the surface, meanwhile, the inner carbon diffusion zone also grew inwards due to physical diffusion of carbon, and finally forming a gradient carbon distribution. In addition, the tribological behaviors of the new materials were evaluated through reciprocating ball-on-plate sliding wear tests in bovine calf serum. Although there was an increase in friction coefficient, the wear rate decreased by 59.6% due to the formation of the wear-resistant TiC ceramic layer. The wear mechanisms evolved from severe abrasive wear for bare Ti13Nb13Zr alloy to mild adhesive wear for titanium cermet.

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Section: The Growth Mechanism Of Tic Ceramic Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…65-0966. Although the XRD patterns of all carburized samples showed similar features in peak positions, the intensities of the major TiC peaks significantly increased with the holding time, indicating the continuous TiC formation during the carburization[21]. In addition, the diffraction peaks of Nb 2 O 5 (PDF Card No.…”

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confidence: 95%

Structure, tribological properties, and the growth mechanism of in-situ generated TiC in titanium cermet

et al. 2021

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“…Until now, many surface treatment techniques have been investigated to enhance the wear resistance of titanium and its alloys, such as plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) [7,8], laser alloying [9,10,11], high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) [12], physical vapor deposition (PVD) [13,14], chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [15], carburizing [16,17,18], and aluminizing [19,20,21]. Khorasanian et al [7] and Aliasghari et al [8] found that the PEO coating consisted of rutile and anatase and the non-stoichiometric TiO oxide, which had a very dense structure with no significant crack or porosity, improved the wear resistance of the substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies indicated that the anode PEC of the CP–Ti samples led to the formation of a solid solution of carbon in titanium, and the friction coefficient ranged from 0.29 ± 0.01 to 0.10 ± 0.01. Zhao et al [17] studied the contact solid carburization method to fabricate TiC coatings on a titanium alloy and concluded that the coating was composed of equiaxed TiC grains and was completely dense (no porosity). The coatings exhibited high hardness and excellent coating–substrate adhesion strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Diffusion Annealing Temperature on the Formation Process and Properties of a Carbon–Aluminum Composite Layer on Pure Titanium

et al. 2019

Materials

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A carbon–aluminum composite layer was prepared on the surface of pure titanium by double glow plasma carburizing, magnetron sputtering aluminizing, and vacuum-diffusional annealing treatment. The microstructure, phase composition, and properties of the composite layer obtained at different annealing temperatures were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the ball-on-disc wear method. Results showed that the layer contained a mixture of TiAl3, Ti2Al5, and TiC phases at 650 °C for 6 h, which can significantly enhance the hardness and wear resistance of pure titanium. The layer exhibited a higher hardness of around 1231 HV0.1, a lower friction coefficient of 0.33, and lower wear volumes of 0.018 mm3 than those of the titanium substrate.

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“…On the other hand, oxidation, carburization and nitriding use diffusion processes to insert substitutional and interstitial atoms in order to increase the concentration of the alloying elements in the surface [17,18]. As a result, the tribological properties are improved, however, 4 | P a g e Henry RAMIREZ MECH4501 -Engineering Thesis these processes may deteriorate the mechanical and corrosion properties of Ti alloys [17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Surface Treatment Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ti-6Al-4V is widely used in aerospace, aeronautical and military applications due to its excellent mechanical properties, especially its high strength to weight ratio and corrosion resistance. Nevertheless, poor wear and oxidation resistance has limited the utilization of this material in broader applications. This is why hard ceramic coatings are typically applied to the surface of Ti alloy with the purpose to improve its tribological properties. Characterizing the fracture strength of the coatings layers becomes critical as it determines the lifetime and structural integrity of the protective coating in service. In this project, fracture strength characterization of two typical TiO2 coatings on Ti-6Al-4V alloy produced by laser cladding process was carried out. This was achieved by using a combination of focused ion beam (FIB) milling, nanoindentation and finite element analysis (FEA) techniques. Firstly, the Ti-6Al-4V substrates were coated with a layer of titanium oxide, using laser scanning speed of 300mm/s, and laser power of 100W and 150W. The metallurgical cross-sections of the coatings were then examined using an optical microscope to characterize the microstructure of the solidified oxide coating. A FEI SCIOS FIB Dual Beam system was then used to manufacture the micro-scale cantilevers on the coatings and nanoindentation tests were performed to bend the microcantilever beams to failure. The critical load and deflection were recorded. At last, FEA models were created to simulate the bending behaviour of the microcantilevers during the bending test. And the maximum tensile stresses generated as the cantilevers failed were then used as the fracture strength. This methodology allowed us to conclude that all the cantilevers failed in a brittle fashion. Also, both SEM images and FEA simulations agree that fracture was initiated close to the base given that the highest stresses were identified in this area. The mean fracture strengths of the coating materials were 7.79 and 7.68 GPa, respectively. A through error analysis was conducted. It was concluded that the accuracy of this methodology was affected by the following factors: • Manufactured cantilevers had some curvature and the cross-sections were not completely symmetric. However, the microcantilevers were modelled flat and symmetric in order to simplify the model. • Measuring the actual dimensions of the cantilever beams was challenging due to its rounded edges. IV | P a g e Henry RAMIREZ MECH4501-Engineering Thesis ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This thesis project would have been impossible without the aid and support of my supervisor, Dr. Mingyuan Lu. For always having willingness to help me during the execution of this project, for her patience, enthusiasm, motivation and vast knowledge. I cannot imagine having a better mentor and supervisor than her. Besides my advisor, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the lecturers from all the subjects I took during my studies at UQ. In special to Prof. Hal Gurgenci, Prof. Ross McAree, Dr. Jeff Gates and Prof. Kaz...

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New strategy to grow TiC coatings on titanium alloy: Contact solid carburization by cast iron

Cited by 52 publications

References 33 publications

Structure, tribological properties, and the growth mechanism of in-situ generated TiC in titanium cermet

Structure, tribological properties, and the growth mechanism of in-situ generated TiC in titanium cermet

Effect of Diffusion Annealing Temperature on the Formation Process and Properties of a Carbon–Aluminum Composite Layer on Pure Titanium

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