“…In addition to lifestyle management, medical therapy, anal plug and anal insert device, physical therapy, SNM, posterior tibial nerve stimulation, and internal anal sphincter support, a number of innovative approaches to the treatment of FI are being developed. [20][21][22] Novel treatment approaches include anorectal transplantation, 23 biomemetic devices with sensory feedback, 24 implantation of autologous myoblasts into the external anal sphincter, 25 neurostimulated levator augmentation, 26 and novel variants of the artificial anal sphincter. [27][28][29] In addition, the magnetic anal sphincter is a new development with a mechanism of action similar to ABS.…”