New technique for accurate porosity estimation from logging-while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance data, NGHP-02 expedition, offshore, India

Jain, Vikas; Saumya, S.; Vij, Jitesh; Singh, Juli; Singh, Balwinder; Pattnaik, Sambit; Oli, Ashutosh; Kumar, Pushpendra; Collett, Timothy S.

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.11.001

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…and porosity as well as to identify the crystal structure of pore hydrates, to constrain relative permeability of hydrate-bearing porous media, − and to understand the mechanism of CH 4 -CO 2 substitution . There is successful experience in correlating field logging-while-driling and laboratory NMR data for natural gas hydrate reservoirs of the Nankai Trough, Mount Elbert, Shenhu, and Krishna-Godavari with the determination of in situ gas, water and hydrate saturations, and relative permeability. − Much success has been achieved in studying the formation and dissociation of gas hydrates at different pressures and temperatures in bulk rocks and porous media, using low-frequency NMR relaxometry, from 1 H relaxation times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Residual Pore Water Content in Hydrate-Bearing Sediments at Temperatures below and above 0 °C by NMR

et al. 2022

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Natural gas hydrates are considered as a high-potential source of unconventional hydrocarbons. Economically viable and environmentally safe production of gas sequestered in hydrates requires estimating the amount of liquid pore water that resides in hydrate-bearing sediments, including one in permafrost. In this work, we present results of estimating the content of residual pore water in gas hydrate reservoirs using nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry on a low-field NMR rock analyzer with a designed high-pressure core holder at pressures up to 8.0 MPa. The measurements are conducted on artificial samples of fine sand with inclusions of kaolinite and montmorillonite clay. The NMR results reveal the presence of liquid pore water in all hydrate-bearing samples, with its content decreasing under increasing gas pressure and cooling. The content of residual pore water approaches the calculated amount of nonclathrated water, the minimum for hydrate-bearing media, in samples exposed to repeated heating–cooling cycles. Results confirm that samples with higher percentages of clay (especially montmorillonite) contain more residual pore water, which varies from <0.2 wt % in pure sand to 5.0 or 6.8 wt % (at −5.5 and +2.5 °C, respectively) in a mixture of sand with 25 wt % of montmorillonite clay. It is also noted that the content of residual water is sensitive to initial moisture content and residual ice content in permafrost hydrate-bearing reservoirs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Residual Pore Water Content in Hydrate-Bearing Sediments at Temperatures below and above 0 °C by NMR

et al. 2022

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“…Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a quick and nondestructive technique for the characterization of pore structures and pore fluids within consolidated and unconsolidated sediments, and this technique can access porosity, pore size distribution, hydraulic permeability, water retention curves, and wettability according to the responses of fluid protons in the presence of pulsed and static magnetic fields. − More specially, the pore size distribution within different types of sediments is widely characterized by using NMR transverse relaxation time (hereafter T 2 ) spectra, − and NMR T 2 spectra are becoming increasingly popular in the gas hydrate community for laboratory and in situ studies. − However, the conversion of these NMR T 2 spectra into pore size distributions basically requires a key parameter named NMR transverse surface relaxivity (hereafter ρ 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Transverse Surface Relaxivity in Quartzitic Sands Containing Gas Hydrate

et al. 2021

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The proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique is becoming increasingly popular in various assessments of physical properties in hydrate-bearing sediments, and NMR transverse relaxation time T 2 spectra are normally converted into pore size distributions by using the NMR transverse surface relaxivity ρ 2 . However, how the NMR ρ 2 value evolves during hydrate dissociation or formation remains elusive largely due to the lack of experimental data. Thus, combined measurements of lowfield NMR and X-ray computed tomography (CT) are performed to quantify the value of NMR ρ 2 in quartzitic sands with different xenon hydrate saturations. Effects of hydrate saturation and pore habits on the value of NMR ρ 2 are analyzed, and theoretical models are correspondingly proposed. These experimental data and theoretical models are extended to NMR-based predictions of hydraulic permeabilities and water retention curves, and suggestions for the predictions are given. Results show that the value of NMR ρ 2 increases first and then decreases due to the presence of xenon hydrate in pores of quartzitic sands, and the water−xenon−hydrate interface is inferred to relax water molecules more quickly than the water−quartzitic−sand interface. The value of NMR ρ 2 changes when gas hydrate is of grain-coating, pore-filling, or graintouching habit, and predictions of hydraulic permeabilities and water retention curves based on NMR T 2 spectra need to be modified under this condition. However, patchy hydrate widespread in natural coarse-grained sediments has little effect on the value of NMR ρ 2 , and there is no need of significant modifications for hydraulic permeability and water retention curve predictions. This study has a great potential to further hydrate related NMR applications both in artificial and natural environments.

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“…Studies of permeability of hydrate bearing sediments have used careful laboratory fluid flow measurements and X‐ray computed tomography on synthetic hydrates and preserved natural hydrates cores (e.g., Konno et al., 2013). The permeability of hydrate bearing sediment has also been estimated from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods during wireline logging (Jain et al., 2019; Kleinberg et al., 2003; Lee, 2008; Li, Zhao, et al., 2014; Uchida & Tsuji, 2004). However, it is difficult to estimate permeability in the absence of cores or NMR logging data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Gas Hydrate Morphology on Reservoir Permeability and Geophysical Shear Wave Remote Sensing

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2021

JGR Solid Earth

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Vast amounts of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, are trapped in natural methane hydrate deposits that are also highly sensitive to global warming. Methane is 84 times more potent per unit mass as a greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide over a 20-year timeframe and 25 times more potent over a century (IPCC, 2013). Methane hydrate is an ice like solid composed of water and methane that is stable under a narrow range of low temperature and moderate subsurface pressure conditions. Methane hydrate is found in large quantities globally in sub-seafloor sediments on continental margins where temperatures are below 5°C and water depths exceeds 300 m, and in permafrost regions. Huge methane emissions have been observed worldwide (Ruppel & Kessler, 2017); those due to gas hydrate dissociation have been linked to past and current climate change (Archer et al., 2009). Gas hydrate may become a viable option for carbon dioxide sequestration in future and is also being considered as a potential energy resource (Boswell & Collett, 2011).

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New technique for accurate porosity estimation from logging-while-drilling nuclear magnetic resonance data, NGHP-02 expedition, offshore, India

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Estimation of Residual Pore Water Content in Hydrate-Bearing Sediments at Temperatures below and above 0 °C by NMR

Estimation of Residual Pore Water Content in Hydrate-Bearing Sediments at Temperatures below and above 0 °C by NMR

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Transverse Surface Relaxivity in Quartzitic Sands Containing Gas Hydrate

The Influence of Gas Hydrate Morphology on Reservoir Permeability and Geophysical Shear Wave Remote Sensing

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