New technologies to improve the ex situ conservation of plant genetic resources

Hay, Fiona R.

doi:10.19103/as.2020.0085.14

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…There are about 1,750 seed genebanks globally that serve agriculture, conservation, and studies of biological diversity (Hay, 2021). Genebanks must ensure stored seed lots retain at least 85% viability, according to standards aimed at maintaining the genetic identity and regeneration potential of the sample (FAO, 2014; Reed, Bradford, et al., 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A power analysis for detecting aging of dry‐stored soybean seeds: Germination versus RNA integrity assessments

Tetreault¹,

Fleming

Hill³

et al. 2023

Crop Science

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Deterioration of seed during dry storage is a major problem for genebanks and seed companies. Germination tests are the gold standard to monitor seed viability; however, these prove to be insensitive during the early stage of storage when viability changes are subtle. Recent findings demonstrate that decline in RNA integrity may be an early indicator of seed longevity during dry storage. The goal of this study was to determine the sensitivity of RNA integrity, measured as RNA integrity number (RIN), regarding how soon changes can be detected and how many seeds are required. We compared the statistical power of germination and RIN assays using a well‐characterized collection of ‘Williams 82’ soybean seeds, with cohorts harvested between 1989 and 2019 and stored at 5 °C. Germination was monitored in 1‐ to 3‐yr intervals since 1989, and RIN was monitored in 1‐ to 2‐yr intervals since 2016 providing an extensive dataset to conduct statistical power analyses. Decline in RIN can be detected in soybean seeds within 10 yr with a RNA monitor test that consumes approximately 30 seeds. In contrast, a germination test detects deterioration in 16 yr using approximately 50 seeds, and by this time, the seed lot is near the limit of longevity and has entered the phase of rapid mortality. Work from this study indicates that early detection of aging using RIN decline can be used to predict the longevity threshold to optimize viability monitoring and regeneration times, preventing loss of valuable samples by overtesting or missing the longevity threshold.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A power analysis for detecting aging of dry‐stored soybean seeds: Germination versus RNA integrity assessments

Tetreault¹,

Fleming

Hill³

et al. 2023

Crop Science

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“…Seed can be stored for as little as 3 months to hundreds of years, depending on the species and type of material (e.g. orthodox versus recalcitrant seed; Hay & Sershen 2020, Walters & Pence 2020), as well as fluctuations in and achievement of ideal moisture, temperature, and oxygen at the storage facility (De Vitis et al 2020). Cold, dry conditions facilitate long‐term storage of orthodox seeds, whereas ambient conditions (e.g.…”

Section: Steps Of the Development Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to increase the supply of native seed to improve restoration success: the US native seed development process

McCormick

Carr

Massatti

et al. 2021

Restoration Ecology

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With the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, restoration of damaged ecosystems is turning into a global movement. Restoration actions that are not based on science and an understanding of ecosystem function can thwart desired restoration outcomes at best and cause further damage to ecosystems at worst. Restoration often includes revegetation using seed. Where we source seed for restoration can make a difference for species establishment, restoration outcomes, and recovery of ecosystem function. However, sourcing seeds of native species, let alone genetically appropriate seed, is not currently possible for many restoration projects. The process of increasing and sourcing suitable seed for restoration includes many steps that need to be addressed typically years before a restoration project is initiated. These steps of seed collection, evaluation and development, field establishment, production, certification and procurement, storage, and finally restoration, need to be considered ideally at a scale larger than individual restoration projects and with research conducted in each step. We describe these steps as implemented in the United States, the challenges therein, and provide suggestions and examples of how groups can make efficient and effective progress toward getting the right seed in the right place at the right time.

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“…In collaboration with the private sector, the genebank has developed bespoke robotic seed imaging machinery that can be trained for each individual accession to sort high quality seed for storage [47]. Some preliminary attempts have been made to automate various other operations in large genebanks, for example planting, phenotyping, harvesting, viability testing, packing, labelling, and the storage and retrieval of materials from a seed store [48]. The most widely adopted and successful advance, so far, has been the introduction of bar-coded or QR-coded labels for inventory management and for tracking samples through workflows.…”

Section: Advances In the Structure Of Genebanksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Envisaging an Effective Global Long-Term Agrobiodiversity Conservation System That Promotes and Facilitates Use

Lusty¹,

Hamilton²,

Guarino³

et al. 2021

Plants

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Genebanks were established out of a recognised need not just to provide genetic variation to support breeding objectives but to prevent crop diversity from being lost entirely for future users. Such conservation objectives may have led, over the past few decades, to a gradually diminishing connection between genebanks and current users of diversity. While there continues to be large-scale distribution of germplasm from genebanks to recipients worldwide, relatively little is known or published about the detailed trends in the demand for genebank materials. Meanwhile, the rapid expansion of the applications and uses of modern genomic technologies and approaches is, undoubtedly, having a transformational impact on breeding, research and the demand for certain genetic resources and associated data. These trends will require genebanks to be responsive and to adapt. They also provide important opportunities for genebanks to reorganize and become more efficient individually and as a community. Ultimately, future challenges and opportunities are likely to drive more demand for genetic diversity and provide an important basis for genebanks to gear up.

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New technologies to improve the ex situ conservation of plant genetic resources

Cited by 15 publications

References 86 publications

A power analysis for detecting aging of dry‐stored soybean seeds: Germination versus RNA integrity assessments

A power analysis for detecting aging of dry‐stored soybean seeds: Germination versus RNA integrity assessments

How to increase the supply of native seed to improve restoration success: the US native seed development process

Envisaging an Effective Global Long-Term Agrobiodiversity Conservation System That Promotes and Facilitates Use

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