New temperate DNA phage BcP15 acts as a drug resistance vector

Hens, Dipak Kumar; Chatterjee, N. C.; Kumar, R.

doi:10.1007/s00705-005-0713-8

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Examples include genes encoding toxins and proteins affecting immune responses and antibiotic resistance (9,26,50). Stx (shiga toxin)-transducing prophages of E. coli have been induced by norfloxacin (40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collateral Effects of Antibiotics: Carbadox and Metronidazole Induce VSH-1 and Facilitate Gene Transfer among Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Strains

Stanton

Humphrey

Sharma

et al. 2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Brachyspira hyodysenteriae is an anaerobic spirochete and the etiologic agent of swine dysentery. The genome of this spirochete contains a mitomycin C-inducible, prophage-like gene transfer agent designated VSH-1. VSH-1 particles package random 7.5-kb fragments of the B. hyodysenteriae genome and transfer genes between B. hyodysenteriae cells. The chemicals and conditions inducing VSH-1 production are largely unknown. Antibiotics used in swine management and stressors inducing traditional prophages might induce VSH-1 and thereby stimulate lateral gene transfer between B. hyodysenteriae cells. In these studies, VSH-1 induction was initially detected by a quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR assay evaluating increased transcription of hvp38 (VSH-1 head protein gene). VSH-1 induction was confirmed by detecting VSH-1-associated 7.5-kb DNA and VSH-1 particles in B. hyodysenteriae cultures. Nine antibiotics (chlortetracycline, lincomycin, tylosin, tiamulin, virginiamycin, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, vancomycin, and florfenicol) at concentrations affecting B. hyodysenteriae growth did not induce VSH-1 production. By contrast, VSH-1 was detected in B. hyodysenteriae cultures treated with mitomycin C (10 g/ml), carbadox (0.5 g/ml), metronidazole (0.5 g/ml), and H 2 O 2 (300 M). Carbadox-and metronidazole-induced VSH-1 particles transmitted tylosin and chloramphenicol resistance determinants between B. hyodysenteriae strains. The results of these studies suggest that certain antibiotics may induce the production of prophage or prophage-like elements by intestinal bacteria and thereby impact intestinal microbial ecology.In the United States, various antimicrobials are added to feed to prevent diseases and to promote growth or to enhance the feeding efficiency of swine (14, 28). Antibiotics commonly used in feed for swine include tetracyclines, carbadox, macrolides, and lincosamides (19). At higher concentrations, carbadox, lincomycin, tylosin, and tiamulin are added to feed or drinking water for the treatment of swine intestinal diseases, notably swine dysentery (25,28). In Australia and some European countries, nitroimidazole antibiotics, such as metronidazole, ronidazole, and dimetridazole, have been used to treat swine dysentery (22,25; D. Trott, personal communication), although legislation in several countries has restricted the use of these antibiotics in food animals (2, 44).The etiologic agent of swine dysentery is the anaerobic spirochete Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. Within their genome, B. hyodysenteriae cells carry a mitomycin C-inducible prophagelike element, designated VSH-1 (30, 31, 63). Unlike traditional prophages, VSH-1 particles contain random 7.5-kb fragments of the B. hyodysenteriae genome. VSH-1 head, tail, and lysis genes total at least 16.3 kb of DNA (38). Consequently, an individual VSH-1 particle is incapable of lytic growth, and there are no bioassays (i.e., plaque formation) for measuring VSH-1 production. Although VSH-1 particles do not selfpropagate, they transfer genes between B. hyody...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collateral Effects of Antibiotics: Carbadox and Metronidazole Induce VSH-1 and Facilitate Gene Transfer among Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Strains

Stanton

Humphrey

Sharma

et al. 2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Transduction is acknowledged as a potential contributor to the spread ARGs, especially between members of the same species (Dzidic and Bedeković 2003;Hens et al 2006;Gillings 2017; and reviewed in Brown-Jaque et al 2015). Transduction occurs when viral particles transfer bacterial genes.…”

Section: Transduction In Clinical Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes in clinical environments

2019

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A global medical crisis is unfolding as antibiotics lose effectiveness against a growing number of bacterial pathogens. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) contributes significantly to the rapid spread of resistance, yet the transmission dynamics of genes that confer antibiotic resistance are poorly understood. Multiple mechanisms of HGT liberate genes from normal vertical inheritance. Conjugation by plasmids, transduction by bacteriophages, and natural transformation by extracellular DNA each allow genetic material to jump between strains and species. Thus, HGT adds an important dimension to infectious disease whereby an antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) can be the agent of an outbreak by transferring resistance to multiple unrelated pathogens. Here, we review the small number of cases where HGT has been detected in clinical environments. We discuss differences and synergies between the spread of plasmid-borne and chromosomal ARGs, with a special consideration of the difficulties of detecting transduction and transformation by routine genetic diagnostics. We highlight how 11 of the top 12 priority antibiotic-resistant pathogens are known or predicted to be naturally transformable, raising the possibility that this mechanism of HGT makes significant contributions to the spread of ARGs. HGT drives the evolution of untreatable “superbugs” by concentrating ARGs together in the same cell, thus HGT must be included in strategies to prevent the emergence of resistant organisms in hospitals and other clinical settings.

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“…The purpose of this review is to draw attention to the need for a close examination of the possible features in the behavior of different types of bacteriophages in their actual application, which can be found on the stage of laboratory studies [31], in order to understand the possible consequences and the necessary modifications of the bacteriophages and the methods of their use. The system of phage therapy is fundamentally different from the organization of antibiotic therapy.…”

Section: The Goal Objectives and Content Of The Present Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Genetic Approach to the Development of New Therapeutic Phages to Fight Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Wound Infections

Крылов

Shaburova

Krylov

et al. 2012

Viruses

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a frequent participant in wound infections. Emergence of multiple antibiotic resistant strains has created significant problems in the treatment of infected wounds. Phage therapy (PT) has been proposed as a possible alternative approach. Infected wounds are the perfect place for PT applications, since the basic condition for PT is ensured; namely, the direct contact of bacteria and their viruses. Plenty of virulent (“lytic”) and temperate (“lysogenic”) bacteriophages are known in P. aeruginosa. However, the number of virulent phage species acceptable for PT and their mutability are limited. Besides, there are different deviations in the behavior of virulent (and temperate) phages from their expected canonical models of development. We consider some examples of non-canonical phage-bacterium interactions and the possibility of their use in PT. In addition, some optimal approaches to the development of phage therapy will be discussed from the point of view of a biologist, considering the danger of phage-assisted horizontal gene transfer (HGT), and from the point of view of a surgeon who has accepted the Hippocrates Oath to cure patients by all possible means. It is also time now to discuss the possible approaches in international cooperation for the development of PT. We think it would be advantageous to make phage therapy a kind of personalized medicine.

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New temperate DNA phage BcP15 acts as a drug resistance vector

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Collateral Effects of Antibiotics: Carbadox and Metronidazole Induce VSH-1 and Facilitate Gene Transfer among Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Strains

Collateral Effects of Antibiotics: Carbadox and Metronidazole Induce VSH-1 and Facilitate Gene Transfer among Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Strains

Horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes in clinical environments

A Genetic Approach to the Development of New Therapeutic Phages to Fight Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Wound Infections

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