New, World-wide Data on the Distribution of Species of the <i>Paramecium aurelia</i> Complex (Ciliophora, Protozoa)

Przyboś, Ewa; Surmacz, Marta

doi:10.3409/fb58_3-4.185-188

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…ciliate morphospecies consist of several to many cryptic species. Curiously, despite extensive collecting (e.g., and references therein: Przybos and Surmacz ; Przybos and Rautian ; Przybos et al. , ; Przybos and Prajer ; Rautian et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In sum, what the present results indicate, more than any resolution of the question of cosmopolitanism versus endemism, is the need for extensive, global sampling. In this respect, Tetrahymena and related species are behind Paramecium (Przybos and Surmacz ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These questions likely have different answers, but a facile answer is under sampling; despite new data presented here, the biogeography of Tetrahymena is woefully incomplete. Evidence of population structure suggests dispersal is rare, and but population intrafertility, though rarely studied (Nyberg 1981a), suggests it is sufficiently common to maintain species integrity, as also observed for widely dispersed and intrafertile species of Paramecium (Przybos and Surmacz 2010). As for dispersal itself, if some species are indeed tens of millions of years old (Doerder 2014;Wright and Lynn 1997), continental drift may be important.…”

Section: The Number Of Species and Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Barcodes Reveal 48 New Species ofTetrahymena,Dexiostoma, andGlaucoma: Phylogeny, Ecology, and Biogeography of New and Established Species

Doerder

2018

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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Tetrahymena mitochondrial cox1 barcodes and nuclear SSUrRNA sequences are particularly effective at distinguishing among its many cryptic species. In a project to learn more about Tetrahymena natural history, the majority of >1,000 Tetrahymena-like fresh water isolates were assigned to established Tetrahymena species with the remaining assigned to 37 new species of Tetrahymena, nine new species of Dexiostoma and 12 new species of Glaucoma. Phylogenetically, all but three Tetrahymena species belong to the well-established "australis" or "borealis" clades; the minority forms a divergent "paravorax" clade. Most Tetrahymena species are micronucleate, but others are exclusively amicronucleate. The self-splicing intron of the LSUrRNA precursor is absent in Dexiostoma and Glaucoma and was likely acquired subsequent to the "australis/borealis" split; in some instances, its sequence is diagnostic of species. Tetrahymena americanis, T. elliotti, T. gruchyi n. sp., and T. borealis, together accounted for >50% of isolates, consistent with previous findings for established species. The biogeographic range of species found previously in Austria, China, and Pakistan was extended to the Nearctic; some species show evidence of population structure consistent with endemism. Most species were most frequently collected from ponds or lakes, while others, particularly Dexiostoma species, were collected most often from streams or rivers. The results suggest that perhaps hundreds of species remain to be discovered, particularly if collecting is global and includes hosts of parasitic forms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Number Of Species and Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Barcodes Reveal 48 New Species ofTetrahymena,Dexiostoma, andGlaucoma: Phylogeny, Ecology, and Biogeography of New and Established Species

Doerder

2018

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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“…While detailed work by Sonneborn (119) in Paramecium clearly demarcated well-defined species, much less is known about evolutionary processes contributing to molecular genetic diversity within and among Paramecium species. A number of the Paramecium species are globally distributed (21,46,105) and concordantly exhibit some of the highest levels of synonymous nucleotide diversity among eukaryotic species (8,57,60). As species identification in Paramecium has been experimentally determined by performing a large number of mating experiments (119), it is unlikely that these high values of genome-wide diversity are due to misclassification of species, as is further confirmed by clear monophyletic grouping of strains (60) using whole-genome sequencing data for both the macronuclei and the mitochondria.…”

Section: Population Genomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paramecium Genetics, Genomics, and Evolution

Long,

Johri,

Gout

et al. 2023

Annu. Rev. Genet.

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The ciliate genus Paramecium served as one of the first model systems in microbial eukaryotic genetics, contributing much to the early understanding of phenomena as diverse as genome rearrangement, cryptic speciation, cytoplasmic inheritance, and endosymbiosis, as well as more recently to the evolution of mating types, introns, and roles of small RNAs in DNA processing. Substantial progress has recently been made in the area of comparative and population genomics. Paramecium species combine some of the lowest known mutation rates with some of the largest known effective populations, along with likely very high recombination rates, thereby harboring a population-genetic environment that promotes an exceptionally efficient capacity for selection. As a consequence, the genomes are extraordinarily streamlined, with very small intergenic regions combined with small numbers of tiny introns. The subject of the bulk of Paramecium research, the ancient Paramecium aurelia species complex, is descended from two whole-genome duplication events that retain high degrees of synteny, thereby providing an exceptional platform for studying the fates of duplicate genes. Despite having a common ancestor dating to several hundred million years ago, the known descendant species are morphologically indistinguishable, raising significant questions about the common view that gene duplications lead to the origins of evolutionary novelties.

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“…Faunistic data on the P. aurelia complex (Sonneborn 1975;Przyboś and Surmacz 2010) can be used to recognize the existence of cryptic species with either a narrow (for example P. undecaurelia) or wide range of occurrence (for example P. biaurelia). The latter seem to be ideal objects of research in the fields of wide microbial biogeography and population genetics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide sampling reveals low genetic variability in populations of the freshwater ciliate Paramecium biaurelia (P. aurelia species complex, Ciliophora, Protozoa)

2018

Self Cite

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Species (or cryptic species) identification in microbial eukaryotes often requires a combined morphological and molecular approach, and if possible, mating reaction tests that confirm, for example, that distant populations are in fact one species. We used P. biaurelia (one of the 15 cryptic species of the P. aurelia complex) collected worldwide from 92 sampling points over 62 years and analyzed with the three above mentioned approaches as a model for testing protistan biogeography hypotheses. Our results indicated that despite the large distance between them, most of the studied populations of P. biaurelia do not differ from each other (rDNA fragment), or differ only slightly (COI mtDNA fragment). These results could suggest that in the past, the predecessors of the present P. biaurelia population experienced a bottleneck event, and that its current distribution is the result of recent dispersal by natural or anthropogenic factors. Another possible explanation for the low level of genetic diversity despite the huge distances between the collecting sites could be a slow rate of mutation of the studied DNA fragments, as has been found in some other species of the P. aurelia complex. COI haplotypes determined from samples obtained during field research conducted in 2015-2016 in 28 locations/374 sampling points in southern Poland were shared with other, often distant P. biaurelia populations. In the Kraków area, we found 5 of the 11 currently known COI P. biaurelia haplotypes. In 5 of 7 reservoirs from which P. biaurelia was obtained, two different COI haplotypes were identified.

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New, World-wide Data on the Distribution of Species of the Paramecium aurelia Complex (Ciliophora, Protozoa)

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Barcodes Reveal 48 New Species ofTetrahymena,Dexiostoma, andGlaucoma: Phylogeny, Ecology, and Biogeography of New and Established Species

Barcodes Reveal 48 New Species ofTetrahymena,Dexiostoma, andGlaucoma: Phylogeny, Ecology, and Biogeography of New and Established Species

Paramecium Genetics, Genomics, and Evolution

Worldwide sampling reveals low genetic variability in populations of the freshwater ciliate Paramecium biaurelia (P. aurelia species complex, Ciliophora, Protozoa)

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