Next-generation 100 G Ethernet

Duelk, M.

doi:10.1049/cp:20050826

Cited by 29 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…100 Gigabit Ethernet (100 GbE) is considered to become the next generation Ethernet standard for IP networks [1]. Consequently, research has recently accelerated into finding appropriate long-haul Ethernet transport solutions for the physical layer [2]- [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

121.9-Gb/s PDM-OFDM Transmission With 2-b/s/Hz Spectral Efficiency Over 1000 km of SSMF

Jansen

Morita

Schenk

et al. 2009

J. Lightwave Technol.

245

101

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Abstract-We discuss optical multi-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and show that by using multiple parallel OFDM bands, the required bandwidth of the digital-to-analogue/ analogue-to-digital converters and the required cyclic prefix can significantly be reduced. With the help of four OFDM bands and polarization division multiplexing (PDM) we report continuously detectable transmission of 10 121.9-Gb/s (112.6-Gb/s without OFDM overhead) at 50-GHz channel spacing over 1,000-km standard single mode fiber (SSMF) without any inline dispersion compensation. In this experiment 8 QAM subcarrier modulation is used which confines the spectrum of the 121.9 Gb/s PDM-OFDM signal within a 22.8 GHz optical bandwidth. Moreover, we propose a digital signal processing method to reduce the matching requirements for the wideband transmitter IQ mixer structures required for PDM-OFDM.Index Terms-Chromatic dispersion compensation, fiber-optic transmission systems, long-haul transmission, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

121.9-Gb/s PDM-OFDM Transmission With 2-b/s/Hz Spectral Efficiency Over 1000 km of SSMF

Jansen

Morita

Schenk

et al. 2009

J. Lightwave Technol.

245

101

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show abstract

“…We denote by the 2 2 Jones matrix representing the two-dimensional frequency response of the channel, accounting for both GVD and PMD and a possible constant unknown phase shift due to the phase uncertainty of the transmit and receive lasers. 2 The fiber Jones matrix is unitary, irrespective of the 2 The phase noise due to the transmit and receive lasers will be taken into account later. amount of residual GVD and the amount or model (1st, 2nd, or higher) of PMD [43].…”

Section: Time-invariant Linear Distortionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned, all these effects are embedded in the time-varying matrix impulse response in (2), which may change from one OFDM symbol to the next. After CP removal, the discrete-time sequence is fed to an OFDM demodulator, whose frequency-domain complex output symbols are (4) In order for OFDM to be effective in removing the intersymbol interference stemming from the dispersion (see (2)), in addition to the above mentioned hypothesis that the impulse response must vary slowly enough so that it can be assumed constant over the duration of an OFDM symbol, CP must be longer than the impulse response (i.e.,…”

Section: B Ofdmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, combining (3), (2), and (4) it turns out that (5) where are the frequency-domain additive noise samples (still a white Gaussian process), whereas the frequency-domain matrix channel response corresponding to the -th subcarrier reads (6) From (5), it reads clear that the interference has been perfectly removed, and a SbS detection can be carried out on the fre- 5 The effect of quantization of the ADC and the DAC is not included in this derivation.…”

Section: B Ofdmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The next generation optical links are going to carry 100 Gbps per wavelength [1], [2], since the increased traffic in IP-based networks is going to make the 100 Gb Ethernet (100 GbE) the future choice for high-speed long-haul optical communications.…”

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confidence: 99%

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OFDM versus Single-Carrier Transmission for 100 Gbps Optical Communication

Barbieri

Colavolpe

Foggi

et al. 2010

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-We analyze the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technique in long-haul next generation optical communication links and compare it with the well-established single-carrier (SC) data transmission using high-level modulation formats and coherent detection. The analysis of the two alternative solutions is carried out in the 100 Gbps scenario, which is commonly considered to be the next upgrade of existing optical links, with special emphasis on quaternary phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulations. The comparison between OFDM and SC takes into account the main linear and nonlinear impairments of the optical channel, e.g., group velocity dispersion (GVD), polarization mode dispersion (PMD), self-phase modulation (SPM), cross-phase modulation (XPM), and four-wave mixing (FWM), as well as the phase noise due to transmit and receive lasers, their relative frequency offset, other synchronization aspects, the overall complexity, the power and spectral efficiency, and the technological constraints.Index Terms-Cross-phase modulation (XPM), four-wave mixing (FWM), group velocity dispersion (GVD), optical coherent transmission systems, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), phase-shift keying (PSK), polarization mode dispersion (PMD), self-phase modulation (SPM), single-carrier transmissions.

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Multiservice Ethernet access

Gunning¹,

Wilkinson²,

Rragami³

et al. 2006

BT Technol J

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Ethernet is evolving from its origins in the local area network into a cost-effective and reliable wide area network technology. Market research shows that business customers are moving away from traditional leased lines and selecting Ethernet as the access network technology of choice due to its low cost, simplicity and flexibility. Developments in Ethernet technology are now offering service providers the opportunity to deliver cost-effective carrier class Ethernet services. In particular, a new generation of Ethernet network termination equipment (NTE) is emerging which provides remote management, flexible bandwidth and fault diagnosis while supporting access to multiple services delivered over a single physical connection. This paper describes the advantages and potential cost savings of using Ethernet in the access network. A case study for a city demonstrates significant capital expenditure cost savings and highlights the advantages of using new Ethernet NTEs, which can be up to ten times cheaper than SDH technology, delivering equivalent bandwidth. Remote management and fault diagnosis features can also reduce operational expenditure by avoiding unnecessary site visits.A network architecture is presented which supports delivery of Ethernet services over a combination of circuit-switched and packet-switched domains. New standards which are maturing in the IETF, IEEE and ITU to support Ethernet delivery of interoperable services with carrier class reliability are also discussed.

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Next-generation 100 G Ethernet

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

121.9-Gb/s PDM-OFDM Transmission With 2-b/s/Hz Spectral Efficiency Over 1000 km of SSMF

121.9-Gb/s PDM-OFDM Transmission With 2-b/s/Hz Spectral Efficiency Over 1000 km of SSMF

OFDM versus Single-Carrier Transmission for 100 Gbps Optical Communication

Multiservice Ethernet access

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