Next-Generation High-Throughput Sequencing to Evaluate Bacterial Communities in Freshwater Ecosystem in Hydroelectric Reservoirs

Abstract

The quality of aquatic ecosystems is a major public health concern. The assessment and management of a freshwater system and the ecological monitoring of microorganisms that are present in it can provide indicators of the environment and water quality to protect human and animal health. with bacteria is. It is a major challenge to monitor the microbiological bacterial contamination status of surface water associated with anthropogenic activities within rivers and freshwater reservoirs. Understanding the composition of aquatic microbial communities can be beneficial for the early detection of pathogens, improving our knowledge of their ecological niches, and characterizing the assemblages of microbiota responsible for the degradation of contaminants and microbial substrates. The present study aimed to characterize the bacterial microbiota of water samples collected alongside the Madeira River and its small tributaries in rural areas near the Santo Antonio Energia hydroelectric power plant (SAE) reservoir in the municipality of Porto Velho, Rondonia state, Western Brazil. An Illumina 16s rRNA metagenomic approach was employed and the physicochemical characteristics of the water sample were assessed. We hypothesized that both water metagenomics and physicochemical parameters would vary across sampling sites. The most abundant genera found in the study were Acinetobacter, Deinococcus, and Pseudomonas. PERMANOVA and ANCOM analysis revealed that collection points sampled at the G4 location presented a significantly different microbiome compared to any other group, with the Chlamidomonadaceae family and Enhydrobacter genus being significantly more abundant. Our findings support the use of metagenomics to assess water quality standards for the protection of human and animal health in this microgeographic region.

Bacterial diversity on larval and female Mansonia spp. from different localities of Porto Velho, Rondonia, Brazil

“…Like in Rojas et al [58] variation in bacteria was expected among the larval samples from distinct regions of the same study area. The dissimilarity was demonstrated by the results of PERMANOVA analysis that showed the bacterial diversity in the larvae was considerably different among locations.…”

“…The eutrophication process is connected to the bacteria of Enhydrobacter and Mycobacterium genera and Cyanobacteria phylum [55][56][57]. Rojas et al [58] detected these bacteria in water samples collected across the Madeira River, along the SAE reservoir. The bacterial noted previously was also identified in the larvae samples collected in this study from the same areas examined by Rojas et al [58].…”

“…Rojas et al [58] detected these bacteria in water samples collected across the Madeira River, along the SAE reservoir. The bacterial noted previously was also identified in the larvae samples collected in this study from the same areas examined by Rojas et al [58]. The findings indicate (1) a correlation between the water habitat and the bacterial makeup of mosquito larvae and (2) the feasible incidence of eutrophication in the areas analyzed.…”

Microbial Communities in Changing Aquatic Environments

“…This is particularly important when drinking water resources are at stake [4,5]. Understanding the microbial communities in water provides insight into the ecological niches occupied by pathogens [6,7]. That improves our ability to recognize them early to reduce the risk to human and animal health.…”