NF‐L and peripherin immunoreactivities define distinct classes of rat sensory ganglion cells

Goldstein, Murray; House, Shirley B.; Gainer, Harold

doi:10.1002/jnr.490300111

Cited by 160 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The current report is the first, however, to recognize that the change in diameter occurs in conjunction with a shift in axons from the ONLo to the ONLi. Peripherin expression correlates with small axonal diameter elsewhere, such as spinal cord dorsal roots (Goldstein et al, 1991). Our results are consistent with these reports and suggest that peripherin may serve to limit axonal caliber in the ONLo as axons exhibit rapid growth.…”

Section: Potential Roles Of Intermediate Filamentssupporting

confidence: 91%

Cytoskeletal organization of the developing mouse olfactory nerve layer

Akins

Greer

2005

J of Comparative Neurology

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Olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) axonal extension and targeting occurs within the olfactory nerve layer (ONL) of the olfactory bulb (OB). The ONL can be differentiated into sublaminae: the outer (ONLo), where axons broadly target regions of the OB in tight fascicles, and inner (ONLi), where axons perform final targeting in loosely organized fascicles. During perinatal development cadherin-2 and its binding partner, gamma-catenin, are preferentially expressed by OSN axons in the ONLo versus the ONLi. Given the expression of these cytoskeletal associated molecules, we hypothesized that cytoskeletal elements of OSN axons may be differentially expressed across the ONL. We therefore examined cytoskeletal organization of OSN axons in the ONL, focusing on the day of birth (P0). We show that microfilaments, microtubules, and the intermediate filament (IF) vimentin are homogeneously expressed across the ONL at P0. In contrast, the IFs peripherin and alpha-internexin are preferentially localized to the ONLo at P0, with alpha-internexin expressed by a restricted subset of OSNs. We also show that OSN axons in the ONLo are significantly smaller than those in the ONLi. The data demonstrate that as OSN axons begin to exit the ONLo and target a specific region of the OB there is a down-regulation of cytoskeletal elements and bound extracellular adhesion molecules. The increase in axon diameter may reflect additional mechanisms involved in glomerular targeting or the formation of the large terminal boutons of OSN axons within glomeruli.

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Section: Potential Roles Of Intermediate Filamentssupporting

confidence: 91%

Cytoskeletal organization of the developing mouse olfactory nerve layer

Akins

Greer

2005

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…5). Double labeling with anti-peripherin was used to analyze the populations of neurons expressing these two TTX-R channels in small DRG neurons (25). As reported previously (26), we observed that Na v 1.8 (Fig.…”

Section: Na V 19 Expression and Subcellular Localization Are Alteredsupporting

confidence: 77%

Na+ Channel Scn1b Gene Regulates Dorsal Root Ganglion Nociceptor Excitability in Vivo

Lopez-Santiago

Brackenbury²,

Chen

et al. 2011

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Nociceptive dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons express tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) and -resistant (TTX-R) Na ؉ current (I Na ) mediated by voltage-gated Na ؉ channels (VGSCs). In nociceptive DRG neurons, VGSC ␤2 subunits, encoded by Scn2b, selectively regulate TTX-S ␣ subunit mRNA and protein expression, ultimately resulting in changes in pain sensitivity. We hypothesized that VGSCs in nociceptive DRG neurons may also be regulated by ␤1 subunits, encoded by Scn1b. Scn1b null mice are models of Dravet Syndrome, a severe pediatric encephalopathy. Many physiological effects of Scn1b deletion on CNS neurons have been described. In contrast, little is known about the role of Scn1b in peripheral neurons in vivo. Here we demonstrate that Scn1b null DRG neurons exhibit a depolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of TTX-S I Na inactivation, reduced persistent TTX-R I Na , a prolonged rate of recovery of TTX-R I Na from inactivation, and reduced cell surface expression of Na v 1.9 compared with their WT littermates. Investigation of action potential firing shows that Scn1b null DRG neurons are hyperexcitable compared with WT. Consistent with this, transient outward K ؉ current (I to ) is significantly reduced in null DRG neurons. We conclude that Scn1b regulates the electrical excitability of nociceptive DRG neurons in vivo by modulating both I Na and I K .VGSCs 3 comprise one pore-forming ␣ subunit and two ␤ subunits (␤1-␤4, encoded by Scn1b-Scn4b) that do not form the pore but play critical roles in channel subcellular localization, regulation of I Na , VGSC gene transcription, and cell adhesive interactions leading to cytoskeletal modulation, changes in cell morphology, and cellular migration (1-3).All four mammalian VGSC ␤ subunit gene products are expressed in DRG neurons (4); however, little is known about their roles in nociception. The role of Scn1b in DRG neurons in vivo has not been investigated. Scn1b mRNA is expressed in DRG neurons (4), and the Scn1b splice variant ␤1B is expressed in adult rat DRG neurons as assessed by immunohistochemistry (5). Scn1b mRNA expression changes in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord in a model of neuropathic pain in rats (6), suggesting that ␤1/␤1B are important in nociception. Despite this, the effects of ␤1 on the functioning of heterologously overexpressed sensory neuronal VGSCs are controversial.

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“…ASIC antibodies were used alone or with markers specific for small diameter (17) or for medium-to large-diameter cells (18). Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional implications of the localization and activity of acid-sensitive channels in rat peripheral nervous system

Rosa

Zhang

Shao

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

228

188

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Acid-sensitive ion channels (ASIC) are proton-gated ion channels expressed in neurons of the mammalian central and peripheral nervous systems. The functional role of these channels is still uncertain, but they have been proposed to constitute mechanoreceptors and͞or nociceptors. We have raised specific antibodies for ASIC1, ASIC2, ASIC3, and ASIC4 to examine the distribution of these proteins in neurons from dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and to determine their subcellular localization. Western blot analysis demonstrates that all four ASIC proteins are expressed in DRG and sciatic nerve. Immunohistochemical experiments and functional measurements of unitary currents from the ASICs with the patchclamp technique indicate that ASIC1 localizes to the plasma membrane of small-, medium-, and large-diameter cells, whereas ASIC2 and ASIC3 are preferentially in medium to large cells. Neurons coexpressing ASIC2 and ASIC3 form predominantly heteromeric ASIC2-3 channels. Two spliced forms, ASIC2a and ASIC2b, colocalize in the same population of DRG neurons. Within cells, the ASICs are present mainly on the plasma membrane of the soma and cellular processes. Functional studies indicate that the pH sensitivity for inactivation of ASIC1 is much higher than the one for activation; hence, increases in proton concentration will inactivate the channel. These functional properties and localization in DRG have profound implications for the putative functional roles of ASICs in the nervous system.

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NF‐L and peripherin immunoreactivities define distinct classes of rat sensory ganglion cells

Cited by 160 publications

References 49 publications

Cytoskeletal organization of the developing mouse olfactory nerve layer

Cytoskeletal organization of the developing mouse olfactory nerve layer

Na+ Channel Scn1b Gene Regulates Dorsal Root Ganglion Nociceptor Excitability in Vivo

Functional implications of the localization and activity of acid-sensitive channels in rat peripheral nervous system

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