NHX Gene Family in Camellia sinensis: In-silico Genome-Wide Identification, Expression Profiles, and Regulatory Network Analysis

Paul, Abhirup; Chatterjee, Archita; Subrahmanya, Shreya; Shen, Guoxin; Mishra, Neelam

doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.777884

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Na + is generally not essential for plants, and a high Na + level in the cytoplasm is toxic, causing K + deficiency and inhibiting enzyme activity [ 56 , 57 ]. To prevent the accumulation of Na + in the cytosol, sodium/hydrogen antiporters ( NHX ) are needed to transport Na + from the cytosol to the vacuole or outside of the cell, driven by the H + electrochemical membrane gradient, which is generated by proton pumps [ 57 , 58 ]. The involved proton pumps include plasma membrane H + -ATPase ( AHA) , vacuolar H + -ATPase ( VHA), and pyrophosphate-energized vacuolar membrane proton pump 1 ( AVP1 ) [ 59 , 60 , 61 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 548 genes were identified as putative target genes, including 47 AHA genes, 46 AVP1 genes, 64 NHX genes, 20 SKD1 genes, and 371 VHA genes ( Figure 4 a and Supplementary Table S9 ). The subfamilies of AHA , NHX , and VHA were further classified based on the maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees constructed in this study (Supplementary Figures S7–S9 ) and previous research [ 58 , 63 , 64 ]. The AHA genes of Parkerioideae were divided into three clades, one of which was identified as the AHA4 group, and the other two clades could not be identified due to sample limitations ( Supplementary Figure S7 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We carried out an analysis of five gene families involved in the response to salt stress, and the results showed that the gene families AHA , VHA , and SKD1 may have contributed to the high salinity adaptation of Acrostichum . The gene families AHA and VHA encode plasma membrane and vacuolar H + -ATPase, respectively, which provide energy for Na + transport from the cytosol to vacuole or outside of the cell [ 57 , 58 , 61 , 75 ], playing a crucial role in plant salt tolerance [ 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ]. Four duplicates of AHA genes after the recent WGD event were retained in the mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Whole Genome Duplication Events Likely Contributed to the Aquatic Adaptive Evolution of Parkerioideae

Wang,

Zhang,

Shu

et al. 2024

Plants

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As the only aquatic lineage of Pteridaceae, Parkerioideae is distinct from many xeric-adapted species of the family and consists of the freshwater Ceratopteris species and the only mangrove ferns from the genus Acrostichum. Previous studies have shown that whole genome duplication (WGD) has occurred in Parkerioideae at least once and may have played a role in their adaptive evolution; however, more in-depth research regarding this is still required. In this study, comparative and evolutionary transcriptomics analyses were carried out to identify WGDs and explore their roles in the environmental adaptation of Parkerioideae. Three putative WGD events were identified within Parkerioideae, two of which were specific to Ceratopteris and Acrostichum, respectively. The functional enrichment analysis indicated that the lineage-specific WGD events have played a role in the adaptation of Parkerioideae to the low oxygen concentrations of aquatic habitats, as well as different aquatic environments of Ceratopteris and Acrostichum, such as the adaptation of Ceratopteris to reduced light levels and the adaptation of Acrostichum to high salinity. Positive selection analysis further provided evidence that the putative WGD events may have facilitated the adaptation of Parkerioideae to changes in habitat. Moreover, the gene family analysis indicated that the plasma membrane H+-ATPase (AHA), vacuolar H+-ATPase (VHA), and suppressor of K+ transport growth defect 1 (SKD1) may have been involved in the high salinity adaptation of Acrostichum. Our study provides new insights into the evolution and adaptations of Parkerioideae in different aquatic environments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Whole Genome Duplication Events Likely Contributed to the Aquatic Adaptive Evolution of Parkerioideae

Wang,

Zhang,

Shu

et al. 2024

Plants

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“…In maize, ZmHKT1 promotes leaf Na + exclusion from the xylem sap and maintains a low ROS level to enhance salt tolerance in maize [ 24 , 25 ]. Multiple NHXs have been identified in crop plants, which function in the accumulation of Na + in vacuoles, K + homeostasis, pH regulation, and cell expansion under high levels of salinity [ 14 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reshifting Na+ from Shoots into Long Roots Is Associated with Salt Tolerance in Two Contrasting Inbred Maize (Zea mays L.) Lines

Zhao

Zheng

Wang

et al. 2023

Plants

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Maize, as a glycophyte, is hypersensitive to salinity, but the salt response mechanism of maize remains unclear. In this study, the physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of two contrasting inbred lines, the salt-tolerant QXH0121 and salt-sensitive QXN233 lines, were investigated in response to salt stress. Under salt stress, the tolerant QXH0121 line exhibited good performance, while in the sensitive QXN233 line, there were negative effects on the growth of the leaves and roots. The most important finding was that QXH0121 could reshift Na+ from shoots into long roots, migrate excess Na+ in shoots to alleviate salt damage to shoots, and also improve K+ retention in shoots, which were closely associated with the enhanced expression levels of ZmHAK1 and ZmNHX1 in QXH0121 compared to those in QXN233 under salt stress. Additionally, QXH0121 leaves accumulated more proline, soluble protein, and sugar contents and had higher SOD activity levels than those observed in QXN233, which correlated with the upregulation of ZmP5CR, ZmBADH, ZmTPS1, and ZmSOD4 in QXH0121 leaves. These were the main causes of the higher salt tolerance of QXH0121 in contrast to QXN233. These results broaden our knowledge about the underlying mechanism of salt tolerance in different maize varieties, providing novel insights into breeding maize with a high level of salt resistance.

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“…Moreover, it has been known that Na + influx is regulated by the sodium/hydrogen antiporter (NHX) family of cation/H + transporters [ 17 ]. The NHX plays an important role in the transport of Na+ from the cytoplasm to the vacuole or outside of the cell; hence, the functions of NHXs genes can be effective in improving salt tolerance in plants [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Molecular Responses of Barley Genotypes to Salinity Stress

Jadidi

Etminan

Azizi-Nezhad

et al. 2022

Genes

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Among cereals, barley is tolerant to high levels of salinity stress; however, its performance and global production are still dramatically affected by salinity. In this study, we evaluated the behavior of a set of advanced genotypes of barley with aim of assessing the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in salinity tolerance. The experiment was conducted using a hydroponic system at optimal growing temperature and photoperiod conditions. The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant effects for salinity treatments and genotypes in terms of all measured traits. Salinity stress significantly increased the root and shoot Na+ contents and root-to-shoot Na+ and K+ translocations. In contrast, other physiological features, gas exchange-related traits, as well as root and shoot biomasses were significantly decreased due to salinity stress. Based on the results of the multi-trait genotype ideotype distance index (MGIDI) as a multiple-traits method, G12 and G14 were identified as the superior salt-tolerant advanced genotypes. In the molecular analysis, salinity stress significantly increased the mean relative expression of HvSOS1, HvSOS3, HvHKT2, HvHKT3, HvNHX1, and HvNHX3 genes by 12.87-, 3.16-, 3.65-, 2.54-, 2.19-, and 3.18-fold more than the control conditions, respectively. The results of heatmap-based correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a clear association pattern among measured traits and expression data. Indeed, these associations confirmed relationships between tolerance pathways and physiological functions. In conclusion, the genotype G14 (D10*2/4/Productive/3/Roho//Alger/Ceres362-1-1) responded well to salinity stress and showed a better expression pattern of studied genes than other genotypes. Hence, this promising genotype can be a candidate for further assessments before commercial introduction.

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NHX Gene Family in Camellia sinensis: In-silico Genome-Wide Identification, Expression Profiles, and Regulatory Network Analysis

Cited by 10 publications

References 109 publications

Whole Genome Duplication Events Likely Contributed to the Aquatic Adaptive Evolution of Parkerioideae

Whole Genome Duplication Events Likely Contributed to the Aquatic Adaptive Evolution of Parkerioideae

Reshifting Na+ from Shoots into Long Roots Is Associated with Salt Tolerance in Two Contrasting Inbred Maize (Zea mays L.) Lines

Physiological and Molecular Responses of Barley Genotypes to Salinity Stress

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