Ni adsorption on the principal faces of a tungsten crystal: work function changes and adsorbate distribution

Blaszczyszynowa, M.; Błaszczyszyn, R.; Ciszewski, A.

doi:10.1016/0039-6028(94)91343-9

Cited by 10 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

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“…However, it should be pointed out that adsorbates tend to accumulate in the atomically rough regions rather than on smooth planes, especially (1 1 0) (e.g. Ni/W [38,39]), thus it is rather unlikely that the rough surroundings of the {1 1 1} pole could stay almost Pt free in this experiment.…”

Section: Diffusion and Changes In Emitter Surface Morphologymentioning

confidence: 95%

Diffusion and desorption of submonolayer platinum deposited on the multi-faceted surface of a tungsten micro-crystal

Bryl

Błaszczyszyn

2007

Applied Surface Science

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Section: Diffusion and Changes In Emitter Surface Morphologymentioning

confidence: 95%

Diffusion and desorption of submonolayer platinum deposited on the multi-faceted surface of a tungsten micro-crystal

Bryl

Błaszczyszyn

2007

Applied Surface Science

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4.2 Electron work function of metals and semiconductors

Jakobi¹

2002

Landolt-Börnstein - Group III Condensed Matter

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If an electron beam is directed towards a surface, it gets reflected if its potential is equal to -(E P /e + ∆Φ), the negative value of the primary energy divided by e and corrected for ∆Φ between the surface and the electron emitter (in the widest sense: cathode, electron gun, etc.). Since the surface serves here as the anode in a diode configuration, the name diode method has been chosen. This method was introduced early by P.A. Anderson [35A]. Many details of different experimental set-ups are discussed in [73K2, 79H3]. It was pointed out [85K8] that for carefully chosen conditions and for a patchy surface, i.e., a surface consisting of a composite of smaller areas of different work function, the diode method measures the same arithmetical average of Φ as the Kelvin method (see below). How to use a HREEL spectrometer for the diode method is reported in Ref.[85S3]. Vibrating capacitor method (Kelvin)The vibrating capacitor method is based on the work of Lord Kelvin [1898K] and of Zisman [32Z]. A condensor is formed of the surface to be studied and a reference electrode in front of it which are connected by a ammeter and a variable voltage source. If the capacitance between the plates (sample and reference electrode) is changed, e.g., by changing their distance, a current will flow. By compensating the Ref. p. 4.2-118] 4.2 Electron work function of metals and semiconductors Lando lt-Börnstein New Series III/42A2 4.2-7contact potential difference through the voltage source, the current can be brought to zero. Since Φ of the surface is part of the contact potential, its changes relative to the reference electrode can be measured. A more extended description can be found in Ref. [79H3]. A very versatile instrument of this kind was developed by Besocke [76B]. Data collectionData have been collected for metal as well as semiconductor substrates. In the case of metals only elemental, single-crystalline samples were considered. There are a few exceptions to this general rule. Some metallic alloys are listed in case of single-crystalline samples of well defined (stoichiometric) composition. Some data are also incorporated for evaporated, mostly polycrystalline films of materials for which no single-crystal data are available. For semiconductor substrates, adsorbate-induced workfunction changes consist of two contributions: band-bending and electron-affinity changes. Systems were discarded for which the overall change in work function was small (<0.2 eV) or for which the authors did not report a separation of the two contributions. With respect to the adsorbates, only single-component adsorption layers were considered, i.e., co-adsorbates were omitted. Furthermore, it should be noted that completeness -although intended -could not be achieved. It was learned that work-function data are very often not in the center of a publication. Work-function data even seemed to many authors too marginal to give explicitly reference to them in the title, abstract or key words. Therefore, also computer based research could not guarant...

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References for 4.2

Jakobi¹

2002

Landolt-Börnstein - Group III Condensed Matter

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ni adsorption on the principal faces of a tungsten crystal: work function changes and adsorbate distribution

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Diffusion and desorption of submonolayer platinum deposited on the multi-faceted surface of a tungsten micro-crystal

Diffusion and desorption of submonolayer platinum deposited on the multi-faceted surface of a tungsten micro-crystal

4.2 Electron work function of metals and semiconductors

References for 4.2

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