Niche conservatism for ecological preference in the Louisiana iris species complex

Hamlin, Jennafer A. P.; Simmonds, Tyler J.; Arnold, Michael L.

doi:10.1111/bij.12884

Cited by 4 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Today, however, a common belief is that this group consists of only one (e.g., Hamlin et al 2017) to three species (e.g., Meerow et al 2011; Table 1). Here we challenge that idea using molecular sequence data in a bioclimatic context thus referring to the almost forgotten taxonomic assessment of Phaeiris done long ago by John K. Small and Edward J. Alexander (Small and Alexander 1931), who described numerous species of Phaeiris , mostly from the Mississippi River Delta (Small and Alexander 1931, also see Henderson 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surprisingly, the results of Small and Alexander (1931) soon were criticized by the field naturalist and amateur iridologist Viosca (1935), whose primary scientific interests concerned herpetology, ichthyology, and invertebrate zoology (Penn 1962, Boudreaux 1967). Viosca (1935) had a major influence on the taxonomy of the Louisiana irises (e.g., Anderson 1949, 1961, Riley 1938, Foster 1937, also see Hamlin et al 2017). In short, Viosca argued that only three species from Iris subsect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The taxonomy of Viosca (1935) and Foster (1937) established the framework for most subsequent biosystematic interpretations of the Louisiana irises (e.g., Anderson 1949, Grant 1981, Arnold 2000, 2004, Arnold et al 2004, 2010, 2012, Hamlin et al 2017, Sung et al 2018, among others). As a result, their actual diversity has been unrecognized until the new analyses presented in this paper, which largely confirm Small’s original observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, Hamlin et al (2017:148), based on limited sampling, reduced the entire phylogeny of Iris subsect. Hexagonae to the three‐taxon statement with Iris brevicaulis and I. fulva forming a clade regarded as the sister of I. hexagona .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hexagonae to the three‐taxon statement with Iris brevicaulis and I. fulva forming a clade regarded as the sister of I. hexagona . It is remarkable that Hamlin et al (2017:148) cited Viosca (1935) as the major taxonomic source for their study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On biodiversity and conservation of the Iris hexagona complex (Phaeiris, Iridaceae)

et al. 2021

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Taxonomic revisions using newly available molecular data can have profound consequences for identifying areas of high endemism and, therefore, high conservation priority. A good example of the connection between taxonomy, biodiversity ecology, and conservation issues is genus Phaeiris (Iris subsect. Hexagonae), an endemic taxon of the southeastern United States and in particular P. hexagona (I. hexagona) (Blue Flag), perhaps the best-known species of this genus. Some authors recently provided evidence for the need to revise the taxonomy of the Blue Flag, which has usually been considered to consist of a single species, P. hexagona. Using molecular and bioclimatic analyses of Blue Flags from Florida and Louisiana, collected at their loci classici, we challenge the notion that P. hexagona is a single species, referring to the almost forgotten taxonomic context of Phaeiris as established by John K. Small and Edward J. Alexander nearly 90 yr ago. Our vision of the P. hexagona complex reinforces the current treatment of Southern Coastal Plain as a biodiversity hotspot. Our results also argue for the complex nature of endemism on the Florida Peninsula, and elsewhere on the Southern Coastal Plain, including a new interpretation of the well-studied Louisiana irises. We also propose that the valleys of Florida rivers and lakes are likely to harbor additional hidden biodiversity. Accurate taxonomy proved to be a heuristic tool to characterize better the actual level of biodiversity within Southern Coastal Plain as well as to describe the different areas endemism. The newly re-documented taxonomic diversity in broadly defined P. hexagona should also be considered in future conservation efforts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On biodiversity and conservation of the Iris hexagona complex (Phaeiris, Iridaceae)

et al. 2021

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Evolutionary lability in floral ontogeny affects pollination biology in Trimezieae

Lovo

Alcantara

Vasconcelos

et al. 2021

American J of Botany

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There is little direct evidence linking floral development and pollination biology in plants. We characterize both aspects in plain and ornamented flowers of Trimezieae (Iridaceae) to investigate how changes in floral ontogeny may affect their interactions with pollinators through time. METHODS:We examined floral ontogeny in 11 species and documented pollination biology in five species displaying a wide range of floral morphologies. We coded and reconstructed ancestral states of flower types over the tribal phylogeny to estimate the frequency of transition between different floral types.RESULTS: All Trimezieae flowers are similar in early floral development, but ornamented flowers have additional ontogenetic steps compared with plain flowers, indicating heterochrony. Ornamented flowers have a hinge pollination mechanism (newly described here) and attract more pollinator guilds, while plain flowers offer less variety of resources for a shorter time. Although the ornamented condition is plesiomorphic in this clade, shifts to plain flowers have occurred frequently and abruptly during the past 5 million years, with some subsequent reversals.CONCLUSIONS: Heterochrony has resulted in labile morphological changes during flower evolution in Trimezieae. Counterintuitively, species with plain flowers, which are endemic to the campo rupestre, are derived within the tribe and show a higher specialization than the ornamented species, with the former being visited by pollen-collecting bees only.

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Genetic structure in Louisiana Iris species reveals patterns of recent and historical admixture

Zalmat

Sotola

Nice

et al. 2021

American J of Botany

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Premise When divergent lineages come into secondary contact, reproductive isolation may be incomplete, thus providing an opportunity to investigate how speciation is manifested in the genome. The Louisiana Irises (Iris, series Hexagonae) comprise a group of three or more ecologically and reproductively divergent lineages that can produce hybrids where they come into contact. We estimated standing genetic variation to understand the current distribution of population structure in the Louisiana Irises. Methods We used genotyping‐by‐sequencing techniques to sample the genomes of Louisiana Iris species across their ranges. We sampled 20 populations (n = 632 individuals) across 11,249 loci and used Entropy and PCA models to assess population genetic data. Results We discovered evidence for interspecific gene flow in parts of the range. Our analysis revealed patterns of population structure at odds with widely accepted nominal taxonomy. We discovered undescribed hybrid populations, designated as belonging to the I. brevicaulis lineage. Iris nelsonii shared significant ancestry with only one of the purported parent species, I. fulva, evidence inconsistent with a hybrid origin. Conclusions This study provides several key findings important to the investigation of standing genetic variation in the Louisiana Iris species complex. Compared to the other nominal species, I. brevicaulis contains a large amount of genetic diversity. In addition, we discovered a previously unknown hybrid zone between I. brevicaulis and I. hexagona along the Texas coast. Finally, our results do not support the long‐standing hypothesis that I. nelsonii has mixed ancestry from three parental taxa.

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Niche conservatism for ecological preference in the Louisiana iris species complex

Cited by 4 publications

References 53 publications

On biodiversity and conservation of the Iris hexagona complex (Phaeiris, Iridaceae)

On biodiversity and conservation of the Iris hexagona complex (Phaeiris, Iridaceae)

Evolutionary lability in floral ontogeny affects pollination biology in Trimezieae

Genetic structure in Louisiana Iris species reveals patterns of recent and historical admixture

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