Niche width impacts vertebrate diversification

Rolland, Jonathan; Salamin, Nicolas

doi:10.1111/geb.12482

Cited by 60 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…This is particularly evident for niche width. We found support that larger niche width leads to higher ecological success, whereas species with small niche widths showed higher diversification rates (a result also documented by Rolland & Salamin, ). In addition, the strong support for higher ecological success among larger bodied clades contrasts with the relationship between this trait and evolutionary success, where our results suggest results suggest at most a weak relationship, with higher diversification rates for small species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In order to make our results of ecological success directly comparable with analyses of evolutionary success in mammalian clades, we conducted individual FiSSE analyses (Rabosky & Goldberg, ) of the five traits that are definable at a species level (body size, temperature niche width, precipitation niche width, annual temperature and annual precipitation; See supplementary materials section: FiSSE analyses for details). This should ensure that any differences in our conclusions compared to previous studies in terms of evolutionary success are not driven by minor methodological differences, such as our choice to focus on quantiles for niche width, as compared to the entire range as chosen in a previous study on diversification and niche width (Rolland & Salamin, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary and ecological success is decoupled in mammals

Faurby

Antonelli

2018

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim To identify which factors distinguish ecologically successful mammalian clades (i.e., clades with a large combined range size) from less successful ones. Location Global. Methods We estimated the total range sizes for each individual mammalian subfamily and used phylogenetic regressions to identify the relative importance of factors related to colonization ability (body size and niche width) and adaptability (rate of evolution of body size and rate of evolution of climatic preference) in determining these ranges. We then estimated the importance of the same factors on the variation in diversification rate within mammals. Results We found strong support for a link between total range size and traits related to colonization ability. In particular, we found larger total range sizes among clades containing larger bodied species and clades with wider climatic niche width, while we did not find support for any predictors related to adaptability being linked to total range size. We also found that traits related to increased range size were associated with reduced diversification rate. Main Conclusions Range size for mammalian clades is mainly predicted by colonization ability, suggesting that most clades are limited by dispersal rather than their ability to adapt to new environments. The most ecologically successful (i.e., most widespread) mammalian clades tend to possess traits that reduce geographical isolation among populations, but the same traits tend to decrease diversification rates. Our results unveil a decoupling between evolutionary and ecological success in mammals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary and ecological success is decoupled in mammals

Faurby

Antonelli

2018

Journal of Biogeography

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“…Broad niche breadths may promote diversification because generalists are more likely to have larger ranges (Slayter et al ) and thus lower extinction rates due to a possible ‘dead‐end’ effect of specialisation (Schluter ). However, species with narrow niche breadths have been found to have faster rates of niche evolution (Huey & Kingsolver ; Whitlock ; Fisher‐Reid et al ) as well as higher diversification rates (Hardy & Otto ; Rolland & Salamin ; Qiao et al ). Future analyses that link changes in niche breadth to the genetic variation of polyploid species may contribute to our understanding of the macroevolutionary patterns of polyploid diversification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyploid plants have faster rates of multivariate niche differentiation than their diploid relatives

et al. 2019

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Polyploid speciation entails substantial and rapid postzygotic reproductive isolation of nascent species that are initially sympatric with one or both parents. Despite strong postzygotic isolation, ecological niche differentiation has long been thought to be important for polyploid success. Using biogeographic data from across vascular plants, we tested whether the climatic niches of polyploid species are more differentiated than their diploid relatives and if the climatic niches of polyploid species differentiated faster than those of related diploids. We found that polyploids are often more climatically differentiated from their diploid parents than the diploids are from each other. Consistent with this pattern, we estimated that polyploid species generally have higher rates of multivariate niche differentiation than their diploid relatives. In contrast to recent analyses, our results confirm that ecological niche differentiation is an important component of polyploid speciation and that niche differentiation is often significantly faster in polyploids.

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“…Some biological characteristics that may increase speciation rates include poor dispersal capability (Claramunt et al. ), specialization and narrow niche breadths (Rolland and Salamin ), large body size (Liow et al. ; Monroe and Bokma ), or persistence at low population size (Stanley ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking speciation to extinction: Diversification raises contemporary extinction risk in amphibians

Greenberg

Mooers

2017

Evolution Letters

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Many of the traits associated with elevated rates of speciation, including niche specialization and having small and isolated populations, are similarly linked with an elevated risk of extinction. This suggests that rapidly speciating lineages may also be more extinction prone. Empirical tests of a speciation-extinction correlation are rare because assessing paleontological extinction rates is difficult. However, the modern biodiversity crisis allows us to observe patterns of extinction in real time, and if this hypothesis is true then we would expect young clades that have recently diversified to have high contemporary extinction risk.Here, we examine evolutionary patterns of modern extinction risk across over 300 genera within one of the most threatened vertebrate classes, the Amphibia. Consistent with predictions, rapidly diversifying amphibian clades also had a greater share of threatened species. Curiously, this pattern is not reflected in other tetrapod classes and may reflect a greater propensity to speciate through peripheral isolation in amphibians, which is partly supported by a negative correlation between diversification rate and mean geographic range size. This clustered threat in rapidly diversifying amphibian genera means that protecting a small number of species can achieve large gains in preserving amphibian phylogenetic diversity. Nonindependence between speciation and extinction rates has many consequences for patterns of biodiversity and how we may choose to conserve it. K E Y W O R D S :Amphibia, diversification, extinction risk, IUCN, peripatry, speciation rate, species longevity. Impact SummaryThe rates of speciation and extinction dictate the frequency at which new species arise and are lost over evolutionary time. Characteristics of species that may promote speciation include being highly specialized to particular environments, existing in isolated populations, or having a low population abundance. These same traits are also associated with extinction: specialized species are vulnerable to environmental change, species that exist in isolated pockets lack population connectivity, and small populations can blink out rapidly. This suggests that lineages speciating readily due to these traits may also readily lose species. Assessing whether speciation and extinction rates are correlated is difficult, as measuring extinction based on fossils can be biased for many groups. However, we are currently in the midst of observing numerous extinctions in real time, and observing variation in the species currently at risk of extinction may serve as a proxy measure for extinction rate across groups. In this study, we show in amphibians that lineages that have high ongoing diversification also have a greater share of species threatened with extinction compared to slowly diversifying groups. This supports the idea that speciation and extinction may go hand-in-hand. Comparing this pattern in amphibians to other clades reveals a surprising discrepancy: only plants have been found to show a similar pattern....

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Niche width impacts vertebrate diversification

Cited by 60 publications

References 74 publications

Evolutionary and ecological success is decoupled in mammals

Evolutionary and ecological success is decoupled in mammals

Polyploid plants have faster rates of multivariate niche differentiation than their diploid relatives

Linking speciation to extinction: Diversification raises contemporary extinction risk in amphibians

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