Nickel and chromium levels in the saliva of patients with fixed orthodontic appliances

Yassaei, Soghra; Dadfarnia, Shayesta; Ahadian, H; Moradi, Farshad

doi:10.11607/ortho.810

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The Arash, year of data collection not reported* [17] 11 fixed orthodontic patients ( Yassaei, year of data collection not reported [18] 32 patients 11 to 24 years old who visited the orthodontic clinic Yazd Saliva T1: before appliance placement= 2.6 ± 3.14 µg/L T2: 20 days after appliance placement= 3.68 ± 3.95 µg/L T3: 3 months after appliance placement= 3.41 ± 3.36 µg/L T4: 6 months after appliance placement= 3.39 ± 3.41 µg/L .168 10 Amini, 2012 [19] 30 patients with fixed orthodontics…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and occupational exposure to chromium in Iran: A systematic review

Tavakkoli

Nasab

Khanjani

2017

JER

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Background: Chromium (Cr) is a heavy metal and trace mineral found in various forms. Cr III is an essential nutrient, that is normally found in human blood and urine; in contrast, Cr VI is listed in group I carcinogens and is hazardous for human health. Several studies have been done about measuring human Chromium levels in Iran and this review attempted to summarize these studies. Methods: Electronic resources including SID, Magiran, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar were searched; with phrases including "Exposure to Chromium, Chromium exposure, Chromium measuring, Occupational exposure to Chromium, Environmental exposure to Chromium, Chromium" and their Persian translations until December 2, 2016. Results: From the 1,309 retrieved articles, 32 articles were selected. In welding, electroplating and cement companies, chromium concentrations in workers who dealt directly with Cr were higher than others employees. In the general population, people who lived near a factory or an industrial center, or people who had taken dental treatments especially with orthodontic appliances, had higher Cr levels. Cr deficiency was also investigated in several studies, for its possible relation to diabetes type 2. Conclusion: Cr VI exposure should be under surveillance in Iranian industrial workers; and residential areas should be kept in a safe distance from Cr producing industries. Cr III deficiency might be related to diabetes type 2.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and occupational exposure to chromium in Iran: A systematic review

Tavakkoli

Nasab

Khanjani

2017

JER

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“…Patients having oral metallic appliances or amalgam restorations were excluded from the study because of the possible presence of nickel, chromium and their compounds, which may affect their salivary levels [4]. Also for the sake of standardization, the same supplies to all patients in the same group was used as in group I (bands) and group II (SSC) were selected from Ormco Corporation Glendora, and 3M -ESPE‖ companies respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The metal content of all samples will be analyzed three times, and the average will be reported [4].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average dietary intake for these metals has been estimated to be 200-300 mg/d for nickel and 50-200 mg/d for chromium [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nickel and chromium can release from the bands and orthodontic wires during treatment and can lead to reduction of the appliance strength as well as adverse biologic hazards such as allergic reaction to nickel [4,5]. These reactions include various clinical manifestation such as inflammation and redness of the gingiva or lips, angioedema, eczema or burning sensation [6][7][8].Other allergic reactions may also occur from nickel and chromium exposure such as labial desquamation, erythema multiforme or stomatitis with mild to sever erythema of the tongue and angular chelitis [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison between Nickel and Chromium Levels in Saliva of Children Having Space Maintainers versus Stainless Steel Crowns (Comparative Study)

2016

IJSR

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Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the salivary level of nickel and chromium in the children having lingual arch space maintainer appliances versus those having stainless steel crowns (SSC). Subjects: A total of 34 patients were selected from those referred to the clinic of pediatric dentistry department and allocated into two groups 17 patients each. The first group will be those in need of lingual arch space maintainer without any other metallic restorations. The second group will be patients in need of two stainless steel crowns restoration also with no other metallic fillings or appliances. Methods: The salivary samples will be taken from the patients in four stages: before appliances or crowns cementation then after 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months following cementation. The salivary samples will be collected in a plastic tube and will be stored in the freezer before analysis. The samples will be then transferred to the central laboratory in faculty of science Alexandria University, and the levels of metals will be determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer with an auto sampler. Each sample will be analyzed three times, and the average will be reported to detect accurately the elements levels. Results: There was a significant increase in the salivary levels of nickel and chromium elements in both groups after cementation of space maintainer appliances or SSC. The amount of released nickel and chromium were significantly higher in group I when compared to group II. Conclusion: The amount of salivary nickel and chromium released after lingual arch space maintainer appliances were more than those after SSC. Also the maximum amounts of released nickel and chromium were much lower than the dietary intake and were not capable of causing any toxicity.

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Evaluation of the release of nickel and titanium under orthodontic treatment

Velasco-Ibáñez

Lara-Carrillo

Morales‐Luckie

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The metal alloys used in dentistry are made mainly of nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti), and other elements such as molybdenum (Mo), zirconium (Zr), iron (Fe), tin (Sn), chrome (Cr), carbon (C), copper (Cu) and niobium (Nb) which can release metal ions in unstable environments. The aim of this work was determine the salivary pH before and during orthodontic treatment; evaluate the release of metal ions, mainly Ni and Ti, in urine and saliva using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES); and evaluate the corrosion using Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM). In this study, we selected 35 individuals under orthodontic treatment, from whom saliva and urine samples were collected in 3 stages: (a) basal, (b) at 3 and (c) 6 months after the placement of the fixed appliances. SEM analyzed the Ni–Ti (0.016″) and stainless steel (SS) (0.016 × 0.022″) archs after 1 month of being in contact with the oral cavity. Statistical analysis was performed with Stata using the ANOVA model of repeated measures with a p < 0.05. A statistically significant difference in the concentration of Ni in saliva were found between 3 and 6 months of intervention and Ti in urine was found 3 and 6 months.

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Nickel and chromium levels in the saliva of patients with fixed orthodontic appliances

Abstract: There was no significant difference in the average amount of salivary nickel and chromium of patients at various stages of orthodontic appliance placement.

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Environmental and occupational exposure to chromium in Iran: A systematic review

Environmental and occupational exposure to chromium in Iran: A systematic review

Comparison between Nickel and Chromium Levels in Saliva of Children Having Space Maintainers versus Stainless Steel Crowns (Comparative Study)

Evaluation of the release of nickel and titanium under orthodontic treatment

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