Nickel challenge up regulates CD69 expression on T lymphocyte sub-sets from patients with nickel induced contact dermatitis

Abstract

Background Persistent antigenic stimulation due to repeated exposure to nickel may lead to chronic inflammation resulting in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Objectives This study was performed to assess nickel induced immune activation among patients sensitized against nickel. Patients and Methods A total of 35 patients (29 females and 6 males; mean age 36±9 years) with nickel contact dermatitis and 20 patch test negative healthy individuals (14 females and 6 males; mean age 29±7 years) were included in this study. Peripheral blood of patients and controls was incubated with nickel sulfate for 24 hours. Immune activation was assessed by CD69 up-regulation on T lymphocyte sub-sets by flow cytometry. Results Base line expression of CD69 on CD8 + lymphocytes was higher among patients compared to controls (4.1±1.3%vs2.8±1.1%;p<0.009). There was no difference in proportions of CD±CD69 + cells between patients and controls (3.2±0.9%vs2.3±0.8%). Exposure to nickel induced expression of CD69 on a significantly higher proportion of CD4 + lymphocytes (22.1±6.2%) of the ACD patients compared to controls (2.8±2.5%;p<0.0001). Similarly nickel induced CD69 expression on a higher proportion of CD8 + lymphocytes (18.2±5.3%) from ACD patients compared to the controls (1.9±1.8%;p<0.0006). Conclusion CD69 molecule appears to be an important regulator of immune response in nickel contact dermatitis.

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“…Our study is in line with those studies, as shown in Table 2 and Figure 1, showing a clear difference between the negative results, healthy controls, and positive results. Beeler et al assessed CD69 after 48 h [16]; however, other studies, including ours, showed that 24 h is also valid [18]. CD40L activation in delayed hypersensitivity is a novel concept as its main function is co-stimulation of B cells.…”

Performance of a novel in vitro assay for skin sensitization based on activation of T lymphocytes

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“…This is followed by very interesting work on various viral illnesses13,14,15,16, and disinfection17. An exploration on immuno deficiencies then follows18,19. This leads into sexual and reproductive health issues.…”