Nickel Hydroxide Nanoflowers for a Nonenzymatic Electrochemical Glucose Sensor

Abstract

Nickel hydroxide nanoflowers (f-Ni(OH) 2 ) were synthesized in present work. The crystal structure of as-prepared sample is β-Ni(OH) 2 phase (JCPDS # 14-0117). A nano composite film was fabricated by dispersing nano scale f-Ni(OH) 2 and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into Nafion solution. The electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose in alkaline medium on the f-Ni(OH) 2 -CNT-Nafion composite (fNCN) modified glass carbon electrode (GCE) had been investigated. The prepared f-Ni(OH) 2 -CNT-Nafion / Glass Carbon electrode (fNCN/GCE) glucose sensor could produce large electrocatalytic oxidation current in glucose solution when the applied potential exceeds 0.32 V vs. SCE, which is much lower than the similar sensor based on Ni(OH) 2 nanosheets (s-Ni(OH) 2 ) and is comparable to α-Ni(OH) 2 sensor. Amperometric measurements were done with different concentrations of glucose. The fNCN/GCE glucose sensor has high sensitivity and low detection limit at a potential of 0.45 V (vs. SCE). It showed a detection limit of 0.5 μM (S/N = 3) and a sensitivity of 16.85 μA mM −1 (238.5 μA mM −1 cm −2 ) with a linear range from 0.1 to 1.1 mM. The K m derived from Lineweaver-Burk equation is evaluated to be 4.25 mM, which is much lower than enzymatic glucose biosensor.Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar than the normal range (4.4-6.6 mM). The development of glucose sensing methods is of considerable importance for the diagnosis of some diabetes. Much effort has been made to develop glucose sensors because of the high practical relevance of glucose determinations. 1-5 Electrochemical glucose biosensors, especially amperometric biosensors, have been widely used because of its simple, accurate and fast analytical process. Good selectivity and high sensitivity for glucose detection have been achieved by glucose enzymatic biosensors due to the specificity of glucose oxidase. 6,7 However, the insufficient long-term stability and unsatisfactory reproducibility originated from the nature of the enzymes remains as problems for real sensor applications. 8 Therefore, nonenzymatic glucose sensors which means the direct electrochemical oxidation of glucose without enzyme have received continuous interest in the past decade. [9][10][11][12] The electrocatalytic activity of electrode materials is a key factor that affects both the sensitivity and selectivity of glucose detection. Higher performance for glucose detection has been obtained by using nanomaterials such as Pt, 13,14 Au,8,9 Cu/CuO,15,16 Pt/Pb nanoparticles, 11,17 and carbon nanotube. 18 However, the nonenzymatic direct oxidation of glucose based on the mentioned electrodes has a key problem, which is the low sensitivity due to the sluggish kinetics of glucose electro-oxidation. 8 Some researches show that nonenzymatic electro-oxidation of glucose is greatly enhanced on Ni based electrode compared to the other electrodes. 19,20 Several kinds of electrodes contained Ni, NiO or Ni(OH) 2 nano-composite had been reported, which showed highly sensitive, selective...

Tuning the NiO Thin Film Morphology on Carbon Nanotubes by Atomic Layer Deposition for Enzyme‐Free Glucose Sensing

“…Interference study to selected species on S100 electrode in 0.1 M KOH and 0.2 mM glucose (d). a -Ni/MWCNTs [47] 0.003-17.5 0.89 67.2 < 2 b -NiO/GNS [17] 0.005-4.2 5.0 666.71 5 c -NiO/CPE [21] 0.001-0.11 0.16 5590 < 5 d -NiO QDs/ZnO NRs [74] 0.001-10 and 10-50 26 13.14 and 7.31 e -NiNPs/SMWCNTs [75] 0.001-1.0 0.5 1438 3 f -Ni-foam [76] 0.05-7.35 2.2 -5 g -Ni(OH) 2 -CNT [77] 0.1-1.1 0.5 238.5 3 h -Macro-mesoporous NiO [78] 0.01-8.3 1.0 243 < 5 i -NiO/CuO/PANI [79] 0.02-2. detection at an applied potential of 0.65 V with S100 electrode by adding 0.2 mM of glucose in the electrolyte followed by the successive addition of 10-20 μl of sucrose (Suc), fructose (Fru), mannose (Man), uric acid (UA) dopamine (DA) and ascorbic acid (AC). Since, in physiological samples the glucose concentration is much higher (ca.…”

Improving Linear Range Limitation of Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensor by OH− Concentration

“…Ni(OH) 2 powders were synthesized by the method proposed in the literature [24]. Concentrated sodium hydroxide solution was dropped into a 1-M Ni(NO 3 ) 2 solution.…”

Preparation of Ni(OH)2 nanoplatelet/electrospun carbon nanofiber hybrids for highly sensitive nonenzymatic glucose sensors

“…The Ni(OH) 2 /ECF-0.06 electrode showed the highest glucose sensitivity, which was more than three-fold greater than that of the Ni(OH) 2 20 and Ni(OH) 2 /nanoower electrodes. 36 The performance of the Ni(OH) 2 /ECF-0.06 sensor is compared with other Ni(OH) 2based nonenzymatic glucose sensors in Table 1.…”