Nickel–molybdenum–niobium metallic glass for efficient hydrogen oxidation in hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells

Gao, Fei‐Yue; Liu, Si-Nan; Ge, Jiacheng; Zhang, Xiaolong; Zhu, Li; Duan, Yu; Qin, Shuai; Dong, Weixia; Yu, Xingxing; Bao, Ruicheng; Yang, Peng‐Peng; Niu, Zhuang‐Zhuang; Ding, Zhigang; Liu, Wei; Lan, Si; Gao, Min‐Rui; Yan, Yushan; Yu, Shu‐Hong

doi:10.1038/s41929-022-00862-8

Cited by 110 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…[15][16][17]20 For the anode, although developing PGM-free catalysts for the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) is more challenging, 21 recent research has also led to a number of PGM-free catalysts that show promising activities; [7][8][9][10][11]13,14 typical examples include Ni/N-doped carbon nanotubes, 9 Ni− H 2 −NH 3 , 11 Mo(W)Ni 4 alloys, 8 and others. 7,10,13,14 Despite notable HOR/ORR properties of these PGM-free catalysts shown in rotating-disk-electrode (RDE) experiments, unfortunately, only very few previous attempts at exploring real PGMfree AEMFCs have been encouraging thus far. 11,12 Fundamentally different from the RDE conditions, catalysts in fuel cells suffer from a harsh operating environment, such as elevated temperature, 22,23 high current density, 24,25 and unfavorable catalyst−ionomer interactions, 26,27 which lead to easier catalyst degradation and deterioration in performance.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, anion-exchange-membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), because of operation in alkaline environments, permit the use of platinum-group-metal-free (PGM-free) catalysts and cost-effective bipolar plates, , thus showing great promise to reach the cost goal of US$30 kW –1 set by the US Department of Energy (DOE) . To make the PGM-free AEMFCs a reality, major efforts hasve been devoted to developing efficient anode − and cathode − catalysts from PGM-free elements. At present, some PGM-free materials, such as Mn–Co spinel, can catalyze the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with reactivity comparable to that of Pt-based catalysts. − , For the anode, although developing PGM-free catalysts for the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) is more challenging, recent research has also led to a number of PGM-free catalysts that show promising activities; − ,, typical examples include Ni/N-doped carbon nanotubes, Ni–H 2 –NH 3 , Mo(W)Ni 4 alloys, and others. ,,, Despite notable HOR/ORR properties of these PGM-free catalysts shown in rotating-disk-electrode (RDE) experiments, unfortunately, only very few previous attempts at exploring real PGM-free AEMFCs have been encouraging thus far. , …”

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confidence: 99%

“…At present, some PGM-free materials, such as Mn−Co spinel, 16 can catalyze the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with reactivity comparable to that of Pt-based catalysts. [15][16][17]20 For the anode, although developing PGM-free catalysts for the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) is more challenging, 21 recent research has also led to a number of PGM-free catalysts that show promising activities; [7][8][9][10][11]13,14 typical examples include Ni/N-doped carbon nanotubes, 9 Ni− H 2 −NH 3 , 11 Mo(W)Ni 4 alloys, 8 and others. 7,10,13,14 Despite notable HOR/ORR properties of these PGM-free catalysts shown in rotating-disk-electrode (RDE) experiments, unfortunately, only very few previous attempts at exploring real PGMfree AEMFCs have been encouraging thus far.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Plasma-Assisted Synthesis of Metal Nitrides for an Efficient Platinum-Group-Metal-Free Anion-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cell

et al. 2022

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In comparison to the well-developed proton-exchangemembrane fuel cells, anion-exchange-membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) permit adoption of platinum-group-metal (PGM)-free catalysts due to the alkaline environment, giving a substantial cost reduction. However, previous AEMFCs have generally shown unsatisfactory performances due to the lack of effective PGM-free catalysts that can endure harsh fuel cell conditions. Here we report a plasma-assisted synthesis of highquality nickel nitride (Ni 3 N) and zirconium nitride (ZrN) employing dinitrogen as the nitrogen resource, exhibiting exceptional catalytic performances toward hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction in an alkaline enviroment, respectively. A PGM-free AEMFC assembled by using Ni 3 N as the anode and ZrN as the cathode delivers power densities of 256 mW cm −2 under an H 2 −O 2 condition and 151 mW cm −2 under an H 2 −air condition. Furthermore, the fuel cell shows no evidence of degradation after 25 h of operation. This work creates opportunities for developing high-performance and durable AEMFCs based on metal nitrides.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Plasma-Assisted Synthesis of Metal Nitrides for an Efficient Platinum-Group-Metal-Free Anion-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cell

et al. 2022

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“…In spite of these benefits, major challenges still need to be addressed before this technology can be utilized in practical applications. The most pressing is the long-term stability of the AEMFC ,, and the use of completely PGM-free electrodes. ,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most pressing is the long-term stability of the AEMFC 3,14,16 and the use of completely PGM-free electrodes. 14,15,17 In a recent review of the various aspects of AEMFC durability, Mustain et al summarized that further comprehension of the anion-exchange membrane (AEM), electrode materials, anion-exchange ionomer, catalyst layer optimization, and water management is crucial in order to meet the durability target set by the U.S. DOE. 14 However, they have not discussed the mechanism of radical formation and how it affects the AEMFCs' durability.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operando EPR Study of Radical Formation in Anion-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

et al. 2023

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The alkaline operating environment of anion-exchange membrane (AEM) fuel cells (AEMFCs) makes it possible to employ a wide variety of catalysts, including platinum group metals (PGMs) as well as PGM-free materials. However, little is understood about radical formation during AEMFC operation with different catalysts and their implications. In this investigation, we utilized spin-trapping and electron-paramagnetic resonance measurements to measure and identify the radicals produced on selected PGM and PGM-free oxygen-reduction reaction catalysts. To the best of our knowledge, this is an original study exploring radical formation on different classes of catalysts in operando AEMFCs. This work highlights an unexplored radical degradation mechanism in AEMFCs and calls for innovative strategies in designing radical attack-resistant AEMs.

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Local Oxidation Induced Amorphization of 1.5‐nm‐Thick Pt–Ru Nanowires Enables Superactive and CO‐Tolerant Hydrogen Oxidation in Alkaline Media

Wang

Huang

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Low‐dimensional amorphous metallic nanomaterials provide great possibility for creating high‐performance electrocatalysts owing to their conspicuous reacting merits derived from the flexible coordination structures, but remain extremely challenging in synthesis. Herein, this work reports a facile synthesis of carbon‐loaded amorphous 1.5‐nm‐thick Pt–Ru nanowires (NWs) through a local oxidation induced amorphization process. During annealing premade crystalline Pt–Ru NWs/C in air, a local‐oxidation of the oxyphilic Ru generates abundant random Ru–O bonds and disturbs the order bimetallic lattices. The as‐prepared amorphous Pt53Ru47 (a‐Pt53Ru47) NWs/C exhibits an extremely high activity (13.7 A mg−1 at 25 mV overpotential) and an excellent CO‐tolerance for alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) electrocatalysis, drastically outperforming the crystalline counterpart and commercial benchmarks. Mechanism studies indicate the Pt–Ru bimetallic effects as well as the rich disordered “Pt–Ru–O” and/or “Pt–O–Ru” atomic heterojunctions can weaken the *H binding energy and inversely strengthen the *OH adsorption, thus promoting the alkaline HOR kinetics. More uniquely, the small interatomic spaces derived from the disordered bond nets present a H2/*H‐selected permeability, which spatially obstruct the relatively larger CO molecules to poison the internal catalytic sites during HOR. The CO‐shielded internal catalytic sites and the enriched surface *OH jointly upgrade the CO‐tolerance of the a‐Pt53Ru47 NWs/C catalysts.

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Nickel–molybdenum–niobium metallic glass for efficient hydrogen oxidation in hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells

Cited by 110 publications

References 82 publications

Plasma-Assisted Synthesis of Metal Nitrides for an Efficient Platinum-Group-Metal-Free Anion-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cell

Plasma-Assisted Synthesis of Metal Nitrides for an Efficient Platinum-Group-Metal-Free Anion-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cell

Operando EPR Study of Radical Formation in Anion-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Local Oxidation Induced Amorphization of 1.5‐nm‐Thick Pt–Ru Nanowires Enables Superactive and CO‐Tolerant Hydrogen Oxidation in Alkaline Media

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