Nickel Pollution

Ashton, W. M.

doi:10.1038/237046a0

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Refined cobalt oxides and salts are also produced using crude oxides from Canada. Ashton (1972) reported that in 1934 he had observed withered and dying trees on a farm 1.6 km north-east of the refiner. The herbage was burnt in appearance and contained 1700-3200 #g Ni g-I DM and topsoil (total) concentrations were 500-600 #g Ni g-l. Further sampling in 1971 revealed that grass by then contained only 1.0-3,4 #g Ni g-] DM but soil contents ranged from 350-1150 ~g Ni g 1.…”

Section: The Study Areamentioning

confidence: 97%

Heavy metal contaminated soils in an old industrial area of Wales, Great Britain: Source identification through statistical data interpretation

Davies

1997

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Abstract. A combined statistical and computergraphic approach is proposed for apportionment and attribution of soil contaminants in complex areas. The field test site lies north of Swansea, south Wales and contains two major pollutant sources, an active nickel refiner and (4 km away) the site of major base metal smelting in the nineteenth century (the Lower Swansea Valley reclamation study area). Soil samples (70 samples, 0-15 cm) were collected on a regular grid of I000 m interval. They were extracted using 0.05 M diammonium EDTA and the extracts analysed for Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. Soil pH and %organic content were also determined. Factor analysis yielded three groups which explained 73.8% of the data variance (1: Cd, Cu, %OM, Pb, Zn, Ni; 2: Cd, Zn, Mn, pH; 3: Cu, Mn, Co, Ni, Fe). Isoline plots were classifiable into the same three groups. It was concluded that factor 3 contained those elements associated with smelter emissions, factor 1 with contamination from the Lower Swansea Valley and in factor 2 pedogenetic processes control the occurrence of the elements.

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Section: The Study Areamentioning

confidence: 97%

Heavy metal contaminated soils in an old industrial area of Wales, Great Britain: Source identification through statistical data interpretation

Davies

1997

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…Heavy metals (e.g. Hg, Zn, Ni and As) are also known to be highly toxic to a wide variety of aquatic organisms at very low concentrations and have the potential for food chain accumulation and magnification (McKee & Wolf, 1963 ;Ashton, 1972;Lisk, 1972;Hutchinson, 1973;Wood, 1980). In Newfoundland, there is evidence that fish populations may be affected by pHcontrolled heavy metal availability.…”

Section: Atmospheric Deposition -Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of atmospheric deposition on the aquatic ecosystem with special emphasis on lake productivity, Newfoundland, Canada

Rybak¹,

Rybak²,

Scruton

1989

Hydrobiologia

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To document and analyze the ecosystem response to acidification and possible concurrent heavy metal enrichment process, a detailed paleoecological study was conducted in Lake 8 17, a small, and sensitive, second order lake, in insular Newfoundland. The inferred pH history of the lake was recreated using the region-specific equation relating fossil diatom taxa to pH. The profile demonstrated a fairly stable pH history over the bottom 22 cm of the sediment core with an appreciable pH decline in the upper 5 cm. The decrease of inferred pH began in the 1930's (ca. 193 1 to 1944) and the lowest inferred pH value (5.3) was observed in the surface stratum. The decreasing pH trend (0.4 unit; 5.7 to 5.3) between ca. 1931 and 1985 correlated well with changes in sediment chemistry. Major elements (P, Mg, Ca, Na, and K) showed significant decrease in deposition primarily in the upper 3 cm level (ca. 1944). The profiles of selected metals (Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, Co, Hg, As, and Ni) indicated that the deposition of these elements increased noticeably, primarily in the upper 3 cm level. The enrichment of Pb began earlier, about 50 years ago (193 1 to 1944). The stratigraphy of fossil pigments (chlorophyll derivatives and total carotenoids) demonstrated a general trend of increasing accumulation upwards in the core while the only significant decrease in pigments was observed in the recent strata (ca. between 1957 to 1985). The most dramatic decrease of primary production occurred during ca. 1957 to 1974 period and this phenomenon was associated with increased levels of heavy metals. It seems that primary production in oligotrophic, acidifying lakes in Newfoundland is controlled more by nutrients loading and the possible toxicological effects of heavy metals, than directly by water acidity.

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“…179 Phytotoxic concentrations of nickel (Ni) were noted in the soil surrounding a nickel works plant in South Wales. 180 Air pollution has also been indicated as the causative agent for the high concentrations of Zn, Pb, boron (B), and Cu in urban soils in Scotland. 181 " 184 Aerial deposition processes account for the high levels of Pb, B, and Zn observed in urban parkland soils and herbage.…”

Section: Pollutant Transformations By Microbesmentioning

confidence: 99%