Nickel toxicity in plants: reasons, toxic effects, tolerance mechanisms, and remediation possibilities—a review

Enhancing antioxidant defense system of mung bean with a salicylic acid exogenous application to mitigate cadmium toxicity

“…The natural environment has frequently acquiring metal pollution from the anthropogenic fonts comprising sewage expulsions, mining manoeuvres, phosphate fertilizers and overflows from metal refining industries and other industries (Yang et al, 2006;Liu et al, 2007;Seleiman et al, 2012;Seleiman et al, 2013;Seleiman et al, 2017;Hassan et al, 2019;Seleiman et al, 2020a;Seleiman et al, 2020b;Hassan et al, 2021;Seleiman et al, 2021a). World health organization categorized the heavy metals pollution as the second most adverse pollution because it has severe threats to human health (Salem et al, 2018).…”

Cellular biogenesis of metal nanoparticles by water velvet ( Azolla pinnata ): different fates of the uptake Fe 3+ and Ni 2+ to transform into nanoparticles

“…However, in the leaves, the level of 28 Ni was significantly higher than 26 Fe, suggesting that 28 Ni was more efficient to translocate to the leaves. In other words, the primary sink of 28 Ni was in leaves, but that of 26 Fe was in roots [24,26]. These results also suggested the interference of Ni 2þ to Fe 3þ accumulation and translocation as they share the same loading and transport processes, including transmembrane proteins for active transport (iron-regulated transporter; IRT) and primary chelators responsible for the mobility (NA and citrate) [27,28].…”

“…For nickel effects on plants, nickel is generally considered less toxic (at least 100 times) than other trace elements as evaluated by its toxic concentration [23]. Nevertheless, the exceed level of nickel and exposure time influence multiple toxicity effects in the plants, including induction of oxidative stress, inhibition of photosynthesis, reduction of growth, inhibition of enzymatic activities, and interference of other metal uptakes [24]. Although iron and nickel ions are necessary micronutrients for plant growth, at above optimal concentrations, they become toxic and cause physiological alterations and multiple toxicity indications, including chlorosis and necrosis [25].…”

An analysis of heavy metals contamination and estimating the daily intakes of vegetables from Uganda

“…54 Ni has been reported as an important metalloenzyme and it helps some plants protect themselves against predatory insects, 57,58 and it's an established heavy metal whose concentrations in the environment have to be monitored. 59 Total Fe beyond the acceptable level and very low levels of Zn have been found in vegetables consumed in the Kumi district of eastern Uganda. 60 Deficiencies of Zn, Fe, and Cu are not unusual in African soils, 61 but micronutrient deficiencies in plants that raise the specter of nutritional deficiencies in humans are of public health concern.…”