Nicotine-induced cessation of embryonic development is reversed by γ-tocotrienol in mice

Abstract

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the adverse effects of various doses of nicotine and protective effects of different concentrations of γ-tocotrienol (γ-TCT) on in vitro embryonic development and lipid peroxidation in mice.Material/MethodsA) Effects of various doses of nicotine on in vitro embryonic development: Female mice were treated with 1.0, 3.0, or 5.0 mg/kg/day nicotine for 7 consecutive days. Animals were superovulated, cohabited overnight, and sacrificed. Embryos were cultured in vitro. Plasma was assayed. B) Effects of concomitant treatment of nicotine concurrently with various doses of γ-TCT on in vitro embryonic development: Female mice were treated with nicotine (5.0 mg/kg/day), gavaged γ-TCT of 30, 60, or 90 mg/kg/day or nicotine concurrently with γ-TCT of 3 different doses for 7 consecutive days. Animals were superovulated, cohabited overnight, and sacrificed. Embryos were cultured and plasma was assayed.ResultsA) Effects of various doses of nicotine on in vitro embryonic development: Number of hatched blastocysts decreased in 1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg/day nicotine groups. Nicotine at 5.0 mg/kg/day stopped embryo development at morula. MDA concentrations increased following all nicotine doses. B) Effects of concomitant treatment of nicotine concurrently with various doses of γ-TCT on in vitro embryonic development: Embryo development was completed in all groups. MDA concentration increased only in the group treated with nicotine concurrently with 30 mg/kg/day γ-TCT.ConclusionsNicotine impairs in vitro embryo development and increases MDA in plasma. The deleterious impact of nicotine on embryo development is reversed by supplementing γ-TCT concurrently with nicotine.

Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction Modulate the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinases/Akt Signaling Pathway Genes and Prevent Oxidative Stress in Nicotine-Induced Pre-Implantation Embryos

“…Nic as an OS inducer has been well established in the previous studies [14,27,40,41]. This study has further confirmed the effects of Nic as an OS inducer, as shown in our data on the increase of OS markers level in the Nic group.…”

“…A study by Mokhtar et al (2009), on the animal model showed that oral supplementation with tocotrienol increased success rate of hatched blastocyst formation [11]. Our previous studies have reported that tocotrienol was able to reverse the oxidative stress (OS) effects on pre-implantation mouse embryos induced by corticosterone [12,13] and fetal development and survivability [14].…”

Increased Fetal Thymocytes Apoptosis Contributes to Prenatal Nicotine Exposure-induced Th1/Th2 Imbalance in Male Offspring Mice

“…The fetal thymus develops from GD 11.5 to birth32. An in vitro research has showed that nicotine can reduce the hatched blastocyst and impair embryo development33. Moreover, an experiment on the effect of nicotine in different gestation period on offspring proved that the effect was more significant during the second and third trimester, especially the third trimester3435.…”

Effect of Natural Cycle Endometrial Preparation for Frozen-Thawed Embryo Transfer in Patients with Advanced Endometriosis

“…While it has been established that many factors are likely to influence the outcome of IVF, such as the adverse roles of nicotine [18] and the methods of preservation of frozen embryos [19], the effects of endometriosis on the results of IVF are currently controversial. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to retrospectively assess the efficacy of NC endometrial preparation for FET in women with severe endometriosis.…”