Nicotine is a risk factor for dental caries: An in vivo study

Liu, Shiyu; Wu, Tianmu; Zhou, Xuedong; Zhang, Bo; Huo, Sibei; Yang, Yutao; Zhang, Ke-Ke; Cheng, Lei; Xu, Xin; Li, Mingyun

doi:10.1016/j.jds.2017.09.006

Cited by 35 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…These increased virulence factors of S. mutans may be responsible for the increased cariogenicity of S. mutans in experimental rats fed 1 mg/mL of nicotine (Liu et al 2018). Several reports indicate the destructive oral and systemic effects of smoking and nicotine exposure, leading to development or exacerbation of dental caries and heart diseases such as atherosclerosis (Wagenknecht et al 2018).…”

Section: Effect Of Nicotine On Streptococcus Mutansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Health Effects of Combusted and Smokeless Tobacco Products

et al. 2019

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The oral cavity is usually the first part of a consumer’s body exposed to the constituents of tobacco products or their emissions. Consequently, the oral cavity is a frequent site for carcinogenic, microbial, immunologic, and clinical effects of tobacco use. This article summarizes 5 presentations on various aspects of oral health affected by combusted or noncombusted tobacco products from a recent conference, “Oral Health Effects of Tobacco Products: Science and Regulatory Policy,” sponsored by the American Association for Dental Research and the Food and Drug Administration.

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Section: Effect Of Nicotine On Streptococcus Mutansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Health Effects of Combusted and Smokeless Tobacco Products

et al. 2019

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“…Experimental evidence supports a positive association between second-hand smoke exposure and dental caries. An in vivo study found that nicotine increased the attachment of cariogenic bacteria, Streptococcus mutans on the nicotine-treated rats' teeth surfaces [47]. Elevated level of Streptococcus mutans was found in human who exposed to cigarette smoke.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elevated level of Streptococcus mutans was found in human who exposed to cigarette smoke. High amount of Streptococcus mutans can secrete more extracellular polysaccharides that lower the pH value of the biofilm on the surfaces of the teeth, which in turn increased demineralization [47]. Furthermore, second-hand smoke decreased the mineralisation of tooth, the rate of salivary flow, and impaired immunity, which led to the colonisation of cariogenic bacteria in teeth [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of nutritional status, sugar and second-hand smoke exposure with dental caries among 3- to 6-year old Malaysian pre-schoolers: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

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Background: Dental caries in primary teeth is a serious oral health concern among children. It can lead to detrimental impacts on a child's growth, development, and quality of life. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to examine the prevalence of dental caries and its associations with nutritional status, sugar and secondhand smoke exposure among pre-schoolers. Methods: A total of 26 pre-schools in Seremban, Malaysia were randomly selected using the probability proportional to size sampling. Dental examination was performed by a dentist to record the number of decayed teeth (dt). Weight and height of the pre-schoolers were measured. The mother-administered questionnaire was used to gather information pertaining to the sociodemographic characteristics and secondhand smoke exposure. Total sugar exposure was calculated from a 3-day food record. Results: Among the 396 participating pre-schoolers, 63.4% of them had at least one untreated caries, with a mean ± SD dt score of 3.56 ± 4.57. Negative binomial regression analysis revealed that being a boy (adjusted mean ratio = 1.42, 95% CI = 0.005-0.698, p = 0.047), exposed to secondhand smoke (adjusted mean ratio = 1.67, 95% CI = 0.168-0.857, p = 0.004) and those who had more than 6 times of daily total sugar exposure (adjusted mean ratio = 1.93, 95% CI = 0.138-0.857, p = 0.013) were significantly associated with dental caries among pre-schoolers. Conclusion: A high prevalence of dental caries was reported in this study. This study highlights the need to reduce exposure to secondhand smoke and practice healthy eating behaviours in reducing the risk of dental caries among pre-schoolers.

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“…Nicotine upregulates certain S. mutans virulence genes including GTF and glucan binding protein (GbpA) expression, and Ldh, nlmC, and phosphotransferase system (PTS)-associated genes, which eventually leads to more lactic acid production [5,6]. A recent in-vivo study indicates that caries was higher in Wistar rats infected with S. mutans and treated with nicotine compared with a nicotine-untreated group [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Cariostatic effects of cinnamon water extract on nicotine-induced Streptococcus mutans biofilm

Alshahrani

Gregory

2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background: Dental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic oral diseases worldwide. Dental caries is mainly associated with Streptococcus mutans and the Lactobacillus species. A specific relationship was found between nicotine and S. mutans growth as the presence of nicotine increased S. mutans biofilm formation. Nicotine is able to increase the number of S. mutans and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) synthesis. Among the widely used herbs and spices is cinnamon which demonstrated a strong antibacterial activity against a wide variety of bacteria including S. mutans and showed the ability to inhibit S. mutans biofilm formation. Cinnamon essential oil, obtained from the leaves of C. zeylanicum, has been demonstrated to be effective against S. mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus, which are partially responsible for dental plaque formation and caries development. The aim of this study was to identify the effects of nicotine exposure on the inhibitory effects of cinnamon water extract on S. mutans biofilm formation. Materials and methods: A 24-h culture of S. mutans UA159 in microtiter plates was treated with varying nicotine concentrations (0-32 mg/ml) in Tryptic Soy broth supplemented with 1% sucrose (TSBS) with or without a standardized concentration (2.5 mg/ml) of cinnamon water extract. A spectrophotometer was used to determine total growth absorbance and planktonic growth. The microtiter plate wells were washed, fixed and stained with crystal violet dye and the absorbance measured to determine biofilm formation. Results: The presence of 2.5 mg/ml cinnamon water extract inhibits nicotine-induced S. mutans biofilm formation from 34 to 98% at different concentrations of nicotine (0-32 mg/ml). Conclusion: The results demonstrated nicotine-induced S. mutans biofilm formation is decreased from 34 to 98% in the presence of 2.5 mg/ml cinnamon water extract. This provides further evidence about the biofilm inhibitory properties of cinnamon water extract and reconfirms the harmful effects of nicotine.

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Nicotine is a risk factor for dental caries: An in vivo study

Cited by 35 publications

References 39 publications

Oral Health Effects of Combusted and Smokeless Tobacco Products

Oral Health Effects of Combusted and Smokeless Tobacco Products

Associations of nutritional status, sugar and second-hand smoke exposure with dental caries among 3- to 6-year old Malaysian pre-schoolers: a cross-sectional study

In vitro Cariostatic effects of cinnamon water extract on nicotine-induced Streptococcus mutans biofilm

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