Nicotine Patch Therapy for Smoking Cessation Combined With Physician Advice and Nurse Follow-up

Hurt, R. Douglas; Dale, Lowell C.; Fredrickson, Paul A.; Caldwell, Casey C.; Lee, Gary A.; Offord, Kenneth P.; Lauger, Gary G.; Marušić, Zrinka; Neese, Lewis W.; Lundberg, Thomas

doi:10.1001/jama.1994.03510320035026

Cited by 179 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, a prior study showed no evidence of withdrawal when smokers were taken off a nicotine patch (Hurt et al, 1994). Also, secondary analysis of data from two placebo-controlled patch studies of traditional design (Richmond et al, 1994;TNSG, 1991) confirmed our basic finding of better symptom relief on active patch, when more dependent smokers are examined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Studies of the effect of NRT on symptoms beyond 6 weeks have been mixed, with some studies failing to find effects (Richmond, Harris, & de Almeida Neto, 1994;Russell et al, 1993;TNSG, 1991;Tonnesen et al, 1999;Westman, Levin, & Rose, 1993), and others reporting effects as late as week 10 (Abelin et al, 1989;Fiore, Kenford, Jorenby, Wetter, Smith, & Baker, 1994;Hurt et al, 1994). In general, clinical trials of patch vs. placebo are ill suited to address the question of effects after week 6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Efficacy of the nicotine patch for relief of craving and withdrawal 7-10 weeks after cessation

Shiffman

Khayrallah²,

Nowak

2000

CNTR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of the nicotine patch for relief of craving and withdrawal beyond 6 weeks (during weeks 7-10), among heavy, dependent smokers, using a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The subjects were 421 nicotine-dependent smokers who had quit smoking with the NicoDerm CQ nicotine patch, recruited from among enrollees in the NicoDerm CQ Committed Quitters behavioral program. Following 6 weeks of 21-mg active patch use, participants who had not relapsed were randomized to receive either active or placebo patches for an additional 4 weeks with tapering (14-mg patch in weeks 7-8 and 7-mg patch in weeks 9-10). Craving and withdrawal symptoms were assessed daily by phone interview during weeks 7-10 following cessation. The active patch group reported significantly lower craving and withdrawal, and higher positive mood scores in weeks 7-8 (p < 0.001, 0.001, and 0.03, respectively) and weeks 9-10 (p < 0.02, 0.01, and 0.02, respectively) compared to the placebo group. It was concluded that some smokers may be best served by 10 weeks of patch treatment. This study demonstrated the utility of continuing patch treatment for symptom relief in weeks 7-10 of abstinence. Future research should examine the optimal duration of treatment, which may vary across different classes of smokers.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of the nicotine patch for relief of craving and withdrawal 7-10 weeks after cessation

Shiffman

Khayrallah²,

Nowak

2000

CNTR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Seven-day point prevalence and continuous abstinence at weeks 1, 3, 6, and 26. Secondarily, for 7-day point prevalence cessation, we also compared only those who returned regardless of their returning outside of their follow-up visit interval, and we treated those lost to follow-up as missing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustained-Release Bupropion for Smoking Cessation in African Americans

Ahluwalia

Harris²,

Catley³

et al. 2002

JAMA

229

191

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context African Americans disproportionately experience greater smoking attributable morbidity and mortality. Few clinical trials for smoking cessation in African Americans have been conducted, despite a different profile of both smoking and quitting patterns.Objective To compare a sustained-release form of bupropion hydrochloride (bupropion SR) with placebo for smoking cessation among African Americans.Design, Setting, and Participants Randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial conducted from February 11, 1999, to December 8, 2000, of 600 African American adults treated at a community-based health care center. Volunteers, who smoked 10 or more cigarettes per day were recruited by targeted media and health care professionals.Intervention Participants were randomly assigned to receive 150 mg of bupropion SR (n=300) or placebo (n=300) twice daily for 7 weeks. Brief motivational counseling was provided in-person at baseline, quit day, weeks 1 and 3, end of treatment (week 6), and by telephone at day 3 and weeks 5 and 7.Main Outcome Measures Biochemically confirmed 7-day point prevalence abstinence at weeks 6 and 26 following quit day. ResultsUsing intention-to-treat procedures, confirmed abstinence rates at the end of 7 weeks of treatment were 36.0% in the bupropion SR group and 19.0% in the placebo group (17.0 percentage point difference; 95% confidence interval, 9.7-24.4; PϽ.001). At 26 weeks the quit rates were 21.0% in the treatment and 13.7% in the placebo groups (7.3 percentage point difference; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-13.7; P=.02). Those taking bupropion SR experienced a greater mean reduction in depression symptoms at week 6 (2.96 [9.45] vs 1.13 [8.84]) than those taking placebo, and after controlling for continuous abstinence, those taking bupropion SR also gained less weight than those taking placebo.Conclusions Bupropion SR was effective for smoking cessation among African Americans and may be useful in reducing the health disparities associated with smoking.

show abstract

“…[20][21][22][23][24] In a previous study using 22-mg transdermal nicotine patch therapy for 8 weeks, we observed that the median percentage of cotinine replacement in abstinent subjects receiving active patch therapy was 54%, with only 25.5% of the subjects achieving greater than 100% replacement. 25 Low maintenance levels of percentage of re- …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight change after smoking cessation using variable doses of transdermal nicotine replacement

et al. 1998

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE: Examine weight change in subjects receiving variable doses of transdermal nicotine replacement for smoking cessation. DESIGN:Randomized, double-blind clinical trial. SETTING:One-week inpatient treatment with outpatient follow-up through 1 year. INTERVENTION:This report examines weight change after smoking cessation for 70 subjects randomized to placebo or to 11, 22, or 44 mg/d doses of transdermal nicotine. The study included 1 week of intensive inpatient treatment for nicotine dependence with active patch therapy continuing for another 7 weeks. Counseling sessions were provided weekly for the 8 weeks of patch therapy and with long-term follow-up visits at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:Forty-two subjects were confirmed biochemically (i.e., by expired carbon monoxide) to be nonsmokers at all weekly visits during patch therapy. any studies have demonstrated that, for most smokers, cessation of smoking is accompanied by weight gain. 1 The acceptance of this consequence of smoking cessation is widespread, and many smokers report fear of weight gain as a reason for continuing to smoke or for their relapse to smoking after achieving abstinence. [2][3][4] Although there is little direct evidence that postcessation weight gain is a serious cause of smoking relapse, 5 the fact that fear of weight gain is a potential barrier to the initiation of cessation attempts makes the development of methods to control postcessation weight gain an important area of research for the treatment of nicotine dependence.Postcessation weight gain is most likely influenced by changes in energy balance (caloric expenditure vs intake) that occur with smoking cessation. Klesges and coworkers have proposed a working model conceptualized as multiple variables moderating the energy balance equation, which in turn affects weight change. 1 An extensive discussion of potential biological and psychological mechanisms relevant to the relation between smoking, body weight, and energy balance can be found in the report of the task force from the National Working Conference on Smoking and Body Weight. 6 Finally, Perkins has proposed the possibility that modest weight gain after smoking cessation is largely unavoidable for most smokers because the intake of nicotine associated with smoking maintains an artificially reduced weight by increasing energy expenditure and thereby altering the regulation of body weight around a lower set point. 5,7 Cessation removes this influence on energy expenditure, allowing body weight to return to "normal."If nicotine is an important variable influencing the energy balance equation, or the body weight set point, then nicotine replacement therapy should help control postcessation weight gain. Some studies involving nicotine gum have reported no difference in weight change associated with the use of gum during smoking cessation [8][9][10][11] ; however, several studies report a significant weight-suppressing effect associated with gum use. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Similarly, a recent stu...

show abstract

Nicotine Patch Therapy for Smoking Cessation Combined With Physician Advice and Nurse Follow-up

Cited by 179 publications

References 19 publications

Efficacy of the nicotine patch for relief of craving and withdrawal 7-10 weeks after cessation

Efficacy of the nicotine patch for relief of craving and withdrawal 7-10 weeks after cessation

Sustained-Release Bupropion for Smoking Cessation in African Americans

Weight change after smoking cessation using variable doses of transdermal nicotine replacement

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About