Nicotine psychobiology: how chronic-dose prospective studies can illuminate some of the theoretical issues from acute-dose research

Parrott, Andrew C.

doi:10.1007/s00213-005-0294-y

Cited by 54 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…The frequent experience of unpleas ant withdrawal symptoms in between cigarettes has been suggested as a possible explanation for the association between nicotine dependence and higher rates of mental health problems (Parrott, 2006). Withdrawal symptoms significantly overlap with symptoms of mental illness and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish the two when assessing the impact of smoking cessation.…”

Section: Depression and Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smoking by people with mental illness and benefits of smoke-free mental health services

Campion¹,

Checinski²,

Nurse³

et al. 2008

Adv. psychiatr. treat

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Smoking is the largest single cause of preventable illness in the UK. Those with mental health problems smoke significantly more and are therefore at greater risk. The new Health Act (2006) will require mental health facilities in England to be completely smoke-free by 1st July 2008. This article reviews the current literature regarding how smoking affects both the physical and mental well-being of people with mental health problems. It also considers the effects of smoke-free policy in mental health settings.Jonathan Campion is a specialist psychiatry registrar on the St George's Psychiatry Training Scheme in London

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Section: Depression and Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Levels of anxiety reduce following cessation, and quitting smoking is followed by enduring mood improvements (Parrott, 2006). Patients may also experience increased self-esteem following cessation (Cooke, 1991).…”

Section: Improved Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking by people with mental illness and benefits of smoke-free mental health services

Campion¹,

Checinski²,

Nurse³

et al. 2008

Adv. psychiatr. treat

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“…The administration of nicotine can cause a psychological benefit such as improved mood, concentration, alertness and cognitive functioning [16,17]. From these observations, a self-medication hypothesis could be considered, that smoking may alleviate some symptoms of depression through the actions of nicotine, the first component psycho active of smoking [32,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He begins to feel better when the effect of an antidepressant replaces the nicotine. Thus, administration of nicotine can cause psychological benefits like improving mood, concentration, vigilance and cognitive function [16,17]. Smokers use tobacco for self-medication to decrease the negative effects their illness or to improve some physiological functions [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between the degree of dependence to nicotine, and the anxio-depressive levels, according to Fagerstrom test of nicotine dependence and HADS test

Chettoum¹,

Frih²,

Djenidi³

et al. 2012

OJPsych

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The main objective of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between smoking and depression/ anxiety, and specially the direction of this relationship, in order to analyze the link between the degree of dependence to nicotine, and the anxio-depressive levels, according to HADS test and the Fagerstrom test of nicotine dependence. Our study included 647 smokers and 400 non-smoking male. To facilitate this study, we distributed questionnaires to several private GP surgeries, to be completed by patients. In this study, we found that there is a close relationship between the level of nicotine addiction, anxiety levels and the emergence of depressive disorders. A highly depressive state implies a very strong addiction to tobacco; a high percentage of subjects showed little or no tobacco dependence. When anxiety appears (even when non-significant) dependence increases from medium to high, and very high, whereas in the absence of depression, 80% to 90% of patients show no tobacco addiction. The addiction to tobacco increases at the beginning of depression and reach her maximum in depressed patients. Thus, the anxiolytic effect of nicotine becomes an anxiogenic effect in anxious subjects, when subjects move from non-dependence to medium and very strong addiction.

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“…It is less widely recognized that the empirical data on alcohol drinking is also confounded with lifestyle (health, psychosocial, psychiatric), and other-drug factors. Around 90% of heavy drinkers smoke tobacco, and nicotine dependency leads to greater stress and depression (Parrott, 2003(Parrott, , 2006b, along with physical illhealth. Cannabis is another damaging co-drug for many younger drinkers.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ecstasy versus alcohol: Tolstoy and the variations of unhappiness

Parrott

2007

J Psychopharmacol

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Nicotine psychobiology: how chronic-dose prospective studies can illuminate some of the theoretical issues from acute-dose research

Abstract: The frequent experience of negative psychological states in between cigarettes helps to explain why nicotine dependency is associated with a range of psychobiological problems.

Cited by 54 publications

References 106 publications

Smoking by people with mental illness and benefits of smoke-free mental health services

Smoking by people with mental illness and benefits of smoke-free mental health services

Relationship between the degree of dependence to nicotine, and the anxio-depressive levels, according to Fagerstrom test of nicotine dependence and HADS test

Ecstasy versus alcohol: Tolstoy and the variations of unhappiness

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