Nicotine reduces antisaccade errors in task impaired schizophrenic subjects

Larrison-Faucher, Abigail L; Matorin, Anu A.; Sereno, Anne B.

doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2004.01.002

Cited by 58 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Previous work in our laboratory shows that retest on these tasks does not affect performance. 21 The PD group was first tested in the off state (at least 12 h after the last levodopa dose 22 ) and then in the on state (when patient and neurologist agreed the medication was in full effect 23 ; 0.5-2 h after the dose). Because many patients came from long distances, it proved difficult to bring them back in a timely fashion for a second testing session, so medication states were not randomised.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levodopa slows prosaccades and improves antisaccades: an eye movement study in Parkinson's disease

Hood¹,

Amador

Cain

et al. 2007

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

125

106

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Background: The integrity of frontal systems responsible for voluntary control and their interaction with subcortical regions involved in reflexive responses were studied in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous studies have shown that patients with PD have impaired executive function, including deficits in attention, motor planning and decision making. Methods: Executive function was measured through eye movements: reflexive (stimulus driven) prosaccades and voluntary (internally guided) antisaccades. Patients with advanced idiopathic PD, off and on their optimal levodopa therapy, were tested on a prosaccade and an antisaccade task and compared with matched controls. Results: Levodopa significantly increased response time for reflexive prosaccades and reduced error rate for voluntary antisaccades. Conclusions: Consistent with our proposed model, patients with PD in the medicated state are better able to plan and execute voluntary eye movements. These findings suggest levodopa improves function of the voluntary frontostriatal system, which is deficient in PD.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levodopa slows prosaccades and improves antisaccades: an eye movement study in Parkinson's disease

Hood¹,

Amador

Cain

et al. 2007

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

125

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nicotine has been shown to improve abnormalities in smooth pursuit eye movement and saccades during visual tracking (Avila et al, 2003;Depatie et al, 2002;Larrison-Faucher et al, 2004;Sherr et al, 2002). The improvement in saccades was independent of the smoking status of the patients, thus addressing the possibility that nicotine's effect resulted directly from the elevated incidence of smoking by people with schizophrenia.…”

Section: Nicotine Ameliorates a Wide Range Of Deficits Seen In Schmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic Circuits and Signaling in the Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia

Berman

Talmage

Role

2007

International Review of Neurobiology

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Central cholinergic signaling has long been associated with aspects of memory, motivation, and mood, each affected functions in neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. In this chapter, we review evidence related to the core hypothesis that dysregulation of central cholinergic signaling contributes to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Although central cholinergic circuits are resistant to simplification-particularly when one tries to parse the contributions of various classes of cholinergic receptors to disease related phenomena-the potential role of ACh signaling in Schizophrenia pathophysiology deserves careful consideration for prospective therapeutics. The established role of cholinergic circuits in attentional tuning is considered along with recent work on how the patterning of cholinergic activity may modulate corticostriatal circuits affected in schizophrenia.

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“…The influence of nicotine on these symptoms has been greatly researched. Nicotine actively influences the increase in transmission of particular neurotransmitters in the brain (Avila et al, 2003;Gray et al, 1994;Jacobsen et al, 2004;Kumari and Postma, 2005;Lambe et al, 2003;Larrison-Faucher et al, 2004;Myers et al, 2004;Sacco et al, 2004;Sherr et al, 2002) and the reinforcing effects of nicotine are believed to result from its interaction with the mesocorticolimbic system. Others have suggested that nicotine enhances performance on cognitive tasks through an increase of the synaptic transmission of glutamate (Gray et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine consumption and schizotypy in first-degree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia and non-psychiatric controls

Esterberg

Jones

Compton

et al. 2007

Schizophrenia Research

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Individuals with schizophrenia have very high rates of cigarette smoking, and much has been discovered about the influence of nicotine on brain functioning in schizophrenia. However, less is understood about the relationship between nicotine consumption and milder phenotypes related to schizophrenia, specifically schizotypy. This study examined the relationship between nicotine consumption and schizotypy in two unmedicated samples that included first-degree relatives and non-psychiatric controls.Forty-two first-degree relatives and 50 control participants were administered a self-report questionnaire on schizotypal features as well as a self-report questionnaire on smoking behavior. A positive relationship was found between smoking status and level of schizotypy, and higher levels of schizotypy significantly predicted the odds of being a smoker after controlling for gender and group status. Interestingly, group status was a significant moderator in the relationship between level of schizotypy and smoking status, such that the relationship between these two variables was only significant in the first-degree relatives. This is the first study to investigate the relationship between these variables in a sample of firstdegree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia. Those individuals with more schizotypal features are presumably at greater risk for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and thus may be more likely to smoke cigarettes given the known biochemical effects of nicotine on overt positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Although relatives did not differ from controls in their level of selfreported schizotypy, the significant relationship between smoking status and schizotypy in the former group is likely explained by their genetic vulnerability to schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.

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Nicotine reduces antisaccade errors in task impaired schizophrenic subjects

Cited by 58 publications

References 59 publications

Levodopa slows prosaccades and improves antisaccades: an eye movement study in Parkinson's disease

Levodopa slows prosaccades and improves antisaccades: an eye movement study in Parkinson's disease

Cholinergic Circuits and Signaling in the Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia

Nicotine consumption and schizotypy in first-degree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia and non-psychiatric controls

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