NIDDM and Blood Pressure as Risk Factors for Poor Cognitive Performance: The Framingham Study

Elias, Penelope K.; Elias, Merrill F.; D’Agostino, Ralph B.; Cupples, L A; Wilson, P W; Silbershatz, Halit; Wolf, Philip A.

doi:10.2337/diacare.20.9.1388

Cited by 334 publications

(250 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

219

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In our study we couldn't evaluate attention and executive function as there was no provision in our study tool to evaluate those functions. Elias et al (1997) also reported increased risk of a low score (bottom 25%) for those with diabetes on five of eight tests (immediate and delayed logical memory, digit span forward, word fluency, and similarities) which is consistent with our study. Arvanitakis et al (2006) showed diabetes was not associated with abnormal episodic memory, working memory, or visuospatial ability.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Ruis et al (2009) had shown that diabetes duration was associated with the effect size (cognitive decline) of the study: the longer the known diabetes duration, the bigger the effect size which was substantiated by other studies. In the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (Gregg et al, 2000), there was a trend of increasing risk of cognitive decline with increasing duration of diabetes, and in the Framingham study (Elias et al, 1997), each 5-year increment between diabetes diagnosis and cognitive assessment was associated with lower scores on tests of logical memory, word fluency, and similarities. However, studies have also shown cognitive outcome variable to be independent of duration of diabetes which have stirred up controversy regarding this issue (Manschot et al, 200831).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cognitive Dysfunction in Diabetic Patients with Special Reference to Age of Onset, Duration and Control of Diabetes

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims of this study was to determine the relationship between diabetes and cognitive impairment is respect of the age of onset and duration of diabetes, other complication of diabetes mellitus and effect of short term glycemic control on cognitive impairment. In the clinical study 50 diabetic patients were examined clinically for evidence of cognitive dysfunction by "Kolkata Cognitive Screening Battery". The scores were compared with the normative data on global cognitive functioning in a population within an urban Indian context. Those having cognitive impairment, follow up was done for six months with adequate anti-diabetic drugs to control their blood sugar strictly (HbA1C <7%). Those who had adequate blood sugar control were again interviewed similarly. The scores were compared with previous values. Results show that cognitive dysfunction was associated with diabetes. Recognition, fluency and immediate memory were most commonly affected. Calculation was least affected. No significant correlation found between cognitive decline with either duration or age of onset of diabetes. The cognitive decline appeared to be reversible as improvement of some mental faculties after strict blood sugar control. In conclusion we have found that cognitive decline was associated with diabetes but not directly related to the duration and age of onset of diabetes. On the other hand, control of diabetes lead to improvement of cognitive function.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Dysfunction in Diabetic Patients with Special Reference to Age of Onset, Duration and Control of Diabetes

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Diabetes mellitus has been associated with decrements in cognitive performance and dementia in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies [1][2][3][4]. A recent review indicates that individuals with diabetes have a greater risk of cognitive decline and a greater risk of developing dementia than do non-diabetic individuals [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of the APOE ε4 allele modifies the relationship between type 2 diabetes and cognitive performance: the Maine–Syracuse Study

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims/hypothesis The primary aim of this study was to determine whether the presence of one or more APOE ε4 alleles modifies the association between diabetes (defined by glucose ≥7 mmol/l or treatment) and cognitive function. Methods Diabetic status and APOE genotype interactions were assessed cross-sectionally for 826 communitydwelling, stroke-free, non-demented individuals (526 nondiabetic non-APOE ε4 carriers, 174 non-diabetic APOE ε4 carriers, 87 diabetic APOE ε4 non-carriers, 39 diabetic APOE ε4 carriers) ranging in age from 50 to 98 years. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the similarities subtest from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, and four composite scores derived from 17 additional neuropsychological tests. Multiple linear regression analyses were employed to relate diabetes and APOE genotype to cognitive performance and to examine the interaction between these two risk factors as they relate to cognitive performance. Multiple cardiovascular disease risk factors were statistically controlled. Results With adjustment for age, education, sex, race/ ethnicity and APOE genotype, performance level was lower for the diabetic than for the non-diabetic group for the MMSE, the similarities subtest and each of the cognitive composites with the exception of the verbal memory composite. Interactions (p<0.05) between diabetes and APOE genotype were found for all but the visual-spatial memory/organisation composite. The negative association between diabetes and cognitive performance was of a higher magnitude for individuals who carry one or more APOE ε4 alleles. Results were similar with additional adjustment for cardiovascular disease and associated risk factors. Conclusions/interpretation The presence of one or more APOE ε4 alleles modifies the association between diabetes and cognitive function.

show abstract

“…Multiple studies have shown that elevated blood pressure not only predicts later-life changes on measures of brain morphology [45,46] and cognitive function [45,47]-particularly on speeded tests like the DSST [37,48], but could act synergistically with diabetes [49] or insulin resistance [50] to increase the severity of neurocognitive impairment. Higher blood pressure might adversely affect mental efficiency via vascular and/or neural pathways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive efficiency declines over time in adults with Type 1 diabetes: effects of micro- and macrovascular complications

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims/hypothesis. Mild cognitive dysfunction is not uncommon in adults with Type 1 diabetes, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. Previous cross-sectional studies had suggested that microangiopathy might affect brain integrity and lead to 'central neuropathy.' To assess the relationship between changes in cognitive performance and the incidence of new micro-and macrovascular complications, 103 young and middle-aged adults (mean age: 40 yrs) with childhood-onset Type 1 diabetes were followed over a 7-year period, and were compared to 57 demographically-similar adults without diabetes. Methods. All subjects completed a comprehensive battery of neurocognitive tests on two occasions. Diabetic subjects also received repeated medical assessments to diagnose the onset of clinically significant complications.Results. Relative to control subjects, diabetic adults showed significant declines on measures of psychomotor efficiency; no between-group differences were evident on learning, memory, or problem-solving tasks. The development of proliferative retinopathy and autonomic neuropathy during the follow-up period predicted decline in psychomotor speed (p<0.01), as did incident macrovascular complications (p<0.05), systolic blood pressure at follow-up (p<0.01), and duration of diabetes (p<0.01). Conclusion/interpretation. This study shows that cognitive efficiency may decline over time in diabetic adults, and that this neurocognitive change may be linked, at least in part, to the occurrence of complications like proliferative retinopathy and elevated blood pressure. Therapeutic interventions that reduce the risk of vascular complications may have a similarly beneficial effect on the brain and reduce the risk of neurocognitive dysfunction in diabetic patients. [Diabetologia (2003)

show abstract

NIDDM and Blood Pressure as Risk Factors for Poor Cognitive Performance: The Framingham Study

Abstract: History and duration of NIDDM and high blood pressure are significant risk factors for poor cognitive performance. Hypertensive people with NIDDM are at greatest risk for poor performance on tests measuring visual organization and memory.

Cited by 334 publications

References 0 publications

Cognitive Dysfunction in Diabetic Patients with Special Reference to Age of Onset, Duration and Control of Diabetes

Cognitive Dysfunction in Diabetic Patients with Special Reference to Age of Onset, Duration and Control of Diabetes

Presence of the APOE ε4 allele modifies the relationship between type 2 diabetes and cognitive performance: the Maine–Syracuse Study

Cognitive efficiency declines over time in adults with Type 1 diabetes: effects of micro- and macrovascular complications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About