Nigella sativa attenuates myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury in rats

Abstract

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) represents a clinically relevant problem associated with thrombolysis, angioplasty, and coronary bypass surgery. Radical oxygen species generated during early reperfusion are the primary activator of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening which finally results in cardiomyocyte death. Nigella sativa (NS) has been shown to have antioxidant properties. The present study aimed to determine whether supplementation with NS can provide sufficient protection for the myocardium against I/R insult and any possible role on mitochondrial MPTP. Adult male Wistar rats were allocated into two groups: control group and NS-treated group receiving NS (800 mg/kg) orally for 12 weeks. Rats' isolated hearts were perfused in Langendorff preparation to determine the baseline heart beating rate, developed peak tension, time to peak tension, rate of tension development, half relaxation time, and myocardial flow rate. Ischemia was then induced by stopping the perfusion fluid for 30 min, followed by 30 min of reperfusion and recording post I/R cardiac functions. Hearts were then used for assessment of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)), since the hydrolysis of mitochondrial NAD(+) directly reflects MPTP opening in situ, and for histological examination. The NS-treated group showed enhanced post I/R contractile and vascular recovery, which was accompanied by elevated NAD(+) and decreased MDA compared to the control group. Histological examination showed marked improvement of cardiac musculature compared to the control group. In conclusion, N. sativa afforded substantial recovery of post I/R cardiac functions probably via inhibition of MPTP opening.

Clematichinenoside (AR) Attenuates Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced H9c2 Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis via a Mitochondria-Mediated Signaling Pathway

“…Ischemia/reperfusion is associated with thrombolysis, angioplasty and coronary bypass surgery which relieve myocardial ischemia, but simultaneously cause further damage to myocardial tissue, which is known as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury [1]. MI/R injury is one of the death threats in various cardiovascular diseases [2].…”

Combined Salvianolic Acid B and Ginsenoside Rg1 Exerts Cardioprotection against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats

“…Endothelial barrier dysfunction and subsequent intramyocardial haemorrhage are two well-recognized responses of the microvasculature dysfunction to cardiac I/R injury, results in an increased production of reactive oxygen species and soluble inflammatory mediators [ 17 , 18 ]. We observed the emigration of red cells from microvessels and up-regulation of several inflammatory cytokines in I/R rats.…”

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“…The NS-treated group showed enhanced post I/R contractile and vascular recovery, which was accompanied by elevated NAD + and decreased MDA. NS afforded substantial recovery of the post I/R cardiac functions via inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, which finally results in cardiomyocyte death 166 . ElBahai et al, reported evidence of physiological and beneficial effects of long-term NS supplementation on cardiac hypertrophy in rats 167 .…”