Nimodipine in Clinical Practice: A Pharmacological Update

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:Enteral nimodipine provides a neuroprotective effect in patients who have experienced an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Nimodipine remains the only US Food and Drug Administration-approved medication for aSAH. CONTENT: Nimodipine has been prescribed for patients with aSAH; however, little is known about factors to consider regarding dosing or patient-specific variables that may affect tolerability to nimodipine. Clinical impact of dose or dosing frequency changes has also been much debated based on risk of hypotension with currently approved dosing regimens. CONCLUSION: This review article addresses factors to consider for dosing and administration, pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic impact on nimodipine, and, finally, drug interaction considerations to assess as patients are initiated on enteral nimodipine for aSAH.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Dihydropyridine and Pyridine Analogs as Potent Human Tissue Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase Inhibitors with Anticancer Activity: ROS and DNA Damage-Induced Apoptosis

“…Pyridine and dihydropyridines are reflected as vital drug candidates for the development of new therapeutic agents because these six-membered heterocycles with unique moieties are already known to present a range of biological activities and are found in most FDA-approved drugs [ 36 , 37 ]. Some FDA-approved drugs containing pyridine and dihydropyridine nuclei are vismodegib, [ 38 ] apatinib [ 39 ], clonixin [ 40 ], enasidenib [ 41 ], nevirapine [ 42 ], delafloxacine [ 43 ], nilvadipine [ 44 ], nimopidine [ 45 ], and nifedipine [ 46 ], as listed in Figure 1 .…”