NIR‐Activated Polydopamine‐Coated Carrier‐Free “Nanobomb” for In Situ On‐Demand Drug Release

Abstract

Carrier‐free nanoparticles with high drug loading have attracted increasing attention; however, in situ on‐demand drug release remains a challenge. Here, a novel near‐infrared (NIR) laser‐induced blasting carrier‐free nanodrug delivery system is designed and fabricated by coating doxorubicin (DOX) nanoparticles (DNPs) with a polydopamine film (PDA) that would prolong the blood circulation time of DNPs and avoid the preleakage of the DOX during blood circulation. Meanwhile, the NH4HCO3 is introduced to trigger in situ “bomb‐like” release of DOX for the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia (NH3) gases driven by NIR irradiated photothermal effect of PDA. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that the carrier‐free nanovectors with high drug loading efficiency (85.8%) prolong tumor accumulation, enhance chemotherapy, achieve the synergistic treatment of chemotherapy and photothermal treatment, and do not induce any foreign‐body reaction over a three‐week implantation. Hence, the delicate design opens a self‐assembly path to develop PDA‐based NIR‐responsive multifunctional carrier‐free nanoparticles for tumor therapy.

Magnetic Silica Nanosystems With NIR-Responsive and Redox Reaction Capacity for Drug Delivery and Tumor Therapy

“…The absorption peak at 1,500 cm −1 proves that the -C=C-was contained in FMPBs. The broad absorption peak at the range of 3,200-3,600 cm −1 is the N-H stretching vibration peak, proving the existence of PDA molecules in FMPBs (Li et al, 2018;Maziukiewicz et al, 2019). The absorption peak of 1,100 cm −1 is regarded as the deformation vibration peak of -OH.…”

“…However, up to now, only a limited number of nanocarriers have been successfully used in the clinical treatment of cancer (Bulbake et al, 2017), because many nanocarriers either have a low drug-carrying capacity or have difficulty to efficiently reach the tumor site (Jia et al, 2015). The ideal nanocarrier should have a high drug loading efficiency and a suitable size, which can accurately transport the drug to the target area in the body for controlled release (Liu et al, 2014;Bose et al, 2016;Li et al, 2018).…”

“…Many nanomaterials with an appropriate size and photothermal conversion ability are used for tumor treatment (Huo et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2019Wang et al, , 2020. During PTT, tumor cells are killed by the heat of photothermal nanoparticles after being irradiated with near-infrared (NIR) laser (Li et al, 2018;Lin et al, 2018;Tiwari et al, 2019). PTT involves the use of photothermal materials that can effectively convert light radiation into heat to cure cancer via hyperthermia (Feng et al, 2018a).…”

<p>Surface Engineering of Metal–Organic Framework as pH-/NIR-Responsive Nanocarrier for Imaging-Guided Chemo-Photothermal Therapy</p>

“…39 The distinct absorption peak of DOX is observed in the spectrum of ZIF-8/DOX and dramatically weakened in DOX@HMONs-PDA ( Figure S2), which was probably due to the quenching effect of PDA. 40 Moreover, the supernatant solution of ZIF-8/DMPP shows no absorption peaks, indicating the DOX is effectively sealed in the framework. Meanwhile, a high drugloading content of 18.9% is obtained by this one-pot method.…”

Physical‐, chemical‐, and biological‐responsive nanomedicine for cancer therapy

“…The NIR‐activated strategy had been applied for being triggered a series of reactions for drug delivery on demand in situ. For example, a polydopamine film (PDA) was formed to coat DOX and NH 4 HCO 3 (M. Li et al, ). The NH 4 HCO 3 triggered in situ “bomb‐like” release of DOX, because of the burst production of gases including ammonia (NH 3 ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ).…”