Nitrate leaching from organic arable crop rotations is mostly determined by autumn field management

Askegaard, Margrethe; Olesen, Jørgen E.; Rasmussen, Ilse A.; Kristensen, Kai

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2011.04.014

Cited by 133 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The experiment is described in detail by Olesen et al (2000b) and Askegaard et al (2011); therefore, only a brief outline will be given here. The experiment was conducted at three locations representing different soil types and climate in Denmark (Olesen et al, 2000b).…”

Section: Experimental Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The N demand was based on a Danish national standard (Askegaard et al, 2011). The N demands from grass-clover and from grain legumes were set to nil.…”

Section: Experimental Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The water balance and hence water drained from the soil profile were calculated using the EVACROP model (Olesen and Heidmann, 1990) which requires daily precipitation, temperature and reference evapotranspiration. Before applying the EVACROP model, precipitation was corrected to ground level (Askegaard et al, 2011). Nitrate leaching was estimated using the trapezoidal rule (Lord and Shepherd, 1993), with the assumption that nitrate concentrations in the extracted soil water represent average flux concentrations.…”

Section: Measurements and Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The loss of nitrogen (N) to aquifers and surface waters is an inevitable consequence of intensively managed agricultural systems due to the use of N fertilizers (Hansen et al, 2000a;Nielsen et al, 2012) and soil cultivation (Askegaard et al, 2011). In Denmark, agriculture accounted for approximately 81% of the N load to Danish watercourses and about 70% of the N inputs to the sea via water courses and atmospheric deposition during 1989-1996(Hansen et al, 2000a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the 1st four-year cycle of the rotations, Askegaard et al (2005) showed significant effects of location (soil types and climate) and catch crops and no effect of crop rotation design and manure application on N leaching. After three consecutive four-year crop rotations cycles, Askegaard et al (2011) identified autumn crop and soil management as the main determinant of N leaching, since surplus rainfall during autumn and winter causes soil mineral N to leach, and the concentration of soil mineral N will to a large extent be determined by plant uptake during autumn. In these two studies, the possible effects of the climatic factors on N leaching were not explicitly investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of temperature and precipitation on nitrate leaching from organic cereal cropping systems in Denmark

Jabloun

Schelde

Tao

et al. 2015

European Journal of Agronomy

117

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a b s t r a c tThe effect of variation in seasonal temperature and precipitation on soil water nitrate (NO 3 N) concentration and leaching from winter and spring cereals cropping systems was investigated over three consecutive four-year crop rotation cycles from 1997 to 2008 in an organic farming crop rotation experiment in Denmark. Three experimental sites, varying in climate and soil type from coarse sand to sandy loam, were investigated. The experiment included experimental treatments with different rotations, manure rate and cover crop, and soil nitrate concentrations was monitored using suction cups. The effects of climate, soil and management were examined in a linear mixed model, and only parameters with significant effect (P < 0.05) were included in the final model. The model explained 61% and 47% of the variation in the square root transform of flow-weighted annual NO 3 N concentration for winter and spring cereals, respectively, and 68% and 77% of the variation in the square root transform of annual NO 3 N leaching for winter and spring cereals, respectively. Nitrate concentration and leaching were shown to be site specific and driven by climatic factors and crop management. There were significant effects on annual N concentration and NO 3 N leaching of location, rotation, previous crop and crop cover during autumn and winter. The relative effects of temperature and precipitation differed between seasons and cropping systems. A sensitivity analysis revealed that the predicted N concentration and leaching increased with increases in temperature and precipitation.

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Section: Experimental Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The N demand was based on a Danish national standard (Askegaard et al, 2011). The N demands from grass-clover and from grain legumes were set to nil.…”

Section: Experimental Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurements and Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effect of temperature and precipitation on nitrate leaching from organic cereal cropping systems in Denmark

Jabloun

Schelde

Tao

et al. 2015

European Journal of Agronomy

117

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Phosphorus budget in the water‐agro‐food system at nested scales in two contrasted regions of the world (ASEAN‐8 and EU‐27)

Garnier

Lassaletta

Billen

et al. 2015

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Phosphorus (P) plays a strategic role in agricultural production as well as in the occurrence of freshwater and marine eutrophication episodes throughout the world. Moreover, the scarcity and uneven distribution of minable P resources is raising concerns about the sustainability of long-term exploitation. In this paper we analyze the P cycle in anthropic systems with an original multiscale approach (world region, country, and large basin scales) in two contrasting world regions representative of different trajectories in socioeconomic development for the 1961-2009 period: Europe (EU-27)/France and the Seine River Basin, and Asia (ASEAN-8)/Vietnam and the Red River Basin. Our approach highlights different trends in the agricultural and food production systems of the two regions. Whereas crop production increased until the 1980s in Europe and France and has stabilized thereafter, in ASEAN-8 and Vietnam it began to increase in the 1980s and it is still rising today. These trends are related to the increasing use of fertilizers, although in European countries the amount of fertilizers sharply decreased after the 1980s. On average, the total P delivered from rivers to the sea is 3 times higher for ASEAN-8 (300 kg P km À2 yr À1) than for EU-27 countries (100 kg P km À2 yr À1) and is twice as high in the Red River (200 kg P km À2 yr À1) than in the Seine River (110 kg P km À2 yr À1), with agricultural losses to water in ASEAN-8 3 times higher than in EU-27. Based on the P flux budgets, this study discusses early warnings and management options according to the particularities of the two world regions, newly integrating the perspective of surface water quality with agricultural issues (fertilizers, crop production, and surplus), food/feed exchanges, and diet, defining the so-called water-agro-food system.

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Correlation and tolerance of garlic genotypes under nutrient stress conditions induced by organic farming

Zaki

Abdel-Rasheed

2021

Agronomy Journal

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There is a growing interest in raising yields of organic farming to provide more nutritious food for a growing population. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) genotypes cultivated in a variety of environments therefore the yield of garlic can vary considerably between different regions of production. In this research, 21 garlic genotypes were evaluated for their tolerance to nutrient stress under the organic system. Nutrient stress was mediated by organic implementation where two nutrient sources were applied in a newly reclaimed soil; nutrient source-A (plant-derived compost) and B (plant-animal-derived compost). Nutrient stress was adjusted in line with levels, A-1 and B-1 (100% N) and A-2 and B-2 (50% N). Significant differences were observed among garlic genotypes and white-skin genotypes displayed a much greater tolerance for increasing stress level (A-2 and B-2) than colored-skin genotypes. The principal component analysis showed that fresh and cured yields had the largest variances and ranged from 0.9803 to 5.036 t/feddan (fed.) and from 0.633 to 3.445 t/fed., respectively. Elwady and Clone-5 provided the highest fresh yield (4.496 and 4.135 t/fed.) while the highest cured yield was produced from Clone-5 and Clone-22C (2.561 and 2.425 t/fed.). Elwady had the largest N use efficiency and Egyptian improved the agronomic efficiency of N. Elwady, Clone-5, and Egyptian gave the highest stress tolerance indices. Cluster analysis clarified the genotype-specific existence of nutritional stress. Cluster II was found to contain a group of genotypes, Elwady, Clone-5, and Egyptian which closely developed high traits under stress conditions. This genotypes group is a good candidate for organic farming.

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Nitrate leaching from organic arable crop rotations is mostly determined by autumn field management

Cited by 133 publications

References 36 publications

Effect of temperature and precipitation on nitrate leaching from organic cereal cropping systems in Denmark

Effect of temperature and precipitation on nitrate leaching from organic cereal cropping systems in Denmark

Phosphorus budget in the water‐agro‐food system at nested scales in two contrasted regions of the world (ASEAN‐8 and EU‐27)

Correlation and tolerance of garlic genotypes under nutrient stress conditions induced by organic farming

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