Nitrate leaching using two potato-corn N-fertilizer plans on sandy soil

Prunty, Lyle; Greenland, Richard G

doi:10.1016/s0167-8809(97)00043-1

Cited by 51 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Although nitrate losses may be reduced through adoption of improved management practices (Milburn et al 1997;Prunty and Greenland 1997), nitrate losses from the root zone are still excessive under commercial potato production in many regions. One long-term alternative approach may be to reduce nitrate loss from the potato root zone by developing potato cultivars which utilize N more efficiently.…”

Section: Abstract: Solanum Tuberosum N Mineralization Dry Matter Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen use efficiency characteristics of commercial potato cultivars

Zebarth¹,

Tai²,

Tarn³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Plant Sci.

100

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. 2004. Nitrogen use efficiency characteristics of commercial potato cultivars. Can. J. Plant Sci. 84: 589-598. One approach for reducing the contribution of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production to nitrate contamination of groundwater is to develop cultivars which utilize N more efficiently. In this study, variation in N use efficiency (NUE; dry matter production per unit crop N supply) characteristics of 20 commercial potato cultivars of North American and European origin were evaluated in 2 yr. Cultivars were grown with or without application of 100 kg N ha -1 as ammonium nitrate banded at planting. The recommended within-row spacing was used for each cultivar and no irrigation was applied. Plant dry matter and N accumulation were determined prior to significant leaf senescence. Crop N supply was estimated as fertilizer N applied plus soil inorganic N measured at planting plus apparent net soil N mineralization. Nitrogen use efficiency decreased curvilinearly with increasing crop N supply. Nitrogen use efficiency was lower for early-maturing cultivars compared to mid-season and late-maturing cultivars. A curvilinear relationship was obtained between plant dry matter accumulation and plant N accumulation using data for all cultivars. Deviations from this relationship were interpreted as variation in N utilization efficiency (NUtE; dry matter accumulation per unit N accumulation). Significant differences in NUtE were measured among cultivars of similar maturity. Nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE; plant N content per unit crop N supply) and soil nitrate concentration measured at plant harvest were uniformly low for all cultivars when crop N supply was limited, but varied among cultivars when N was more abundant. This suggests that potato cultivars vary more in terms of N uptake capacity (plant N accumulation in the presence of an abundant N supply) than in terms of NUpE. Les variétés ont été cultivées avec ou sans application latérale de 100 kg de N par hectare sous forme de nitrate d'ammonium. Les auteurs ont respecté l'écartement recommandé pour chaque cultivar et n'ont pas irrigué la culture. Ils ont déterminé la quantité de matière sèche dans la plante et l'accumulation de N avant une trop forte sénescence des feuilles. La quantité de N fournie aux plantes a été estimée à partir de l'engrais appliqué et de la concentration de N minéral dans le sol à la plantation, plus la minéral-isation nette apparente de cet élément. L'efficacité de l'assimilation de l'azote diminue de façon curviligne avec la hausse de la quantité de N disponible. Les cultivars hâtifs assimilent moins bien l'azote que les cultivars de mi-saison ou tardifs. Lorsqu'on analyse les données venant des différents cultivars, on remarque une relation curviligne entre la quantité de matière sèche et celle de N accumulées par la plante. Les écarts à cette relation sont attribués à une variation dans l'efficacité de l'assimilation du N (EAsN; accumulation de matière sèche par unité de N accumulée). L'EAsN présente d'importantes variations entre le...

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Section: Abstract: Solanum Tuberosum N Mineralization Dry Matter Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen use efficiency characteristics of commercial potato cultivars

Zebarth¹,

Tai²,

Tarn³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Plant Sci.

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, most studies in other potato production areas have also focussed primarily on nitrate leaching from potato fields (e.g. Prunty and Greenland 1997), with very limited information on soil N dynamics reported.…”

Section: Mots Clés: Solanum Tuberosum Nitrification Lixiviation Desmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal distribution of soil inorganic nitrogen concentration in potato hills

Zebarth¹,

Milburn²

2003

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Zebarth, B. J. and Milburn P. H. 2003. Spatial and temporal distribution of soil inorganic nitrogen concentration in potato hills. Can. J. Soil Sci. 83: [183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193][194][195]. The purpose of this study was to determine the spatial and temporal variation in soil inorganic N concentration in the potato hill, and to discuss the implications of this variation on soil sampling strategies. The experiment was conducted in 1999 and 2000 using four treatments: bare soil with no N fertilizer applied, and a potato crop with no fertilizer N added, with 180 kg N ha -1 applied at planting, or with 120 kg N ha -1 applied at planting plus 60 kg N ha -1 applied at hilling. Elevated (above background) soil NH 4 + -N concentrations were measured for 40 or more days after planting, therefore in-season sampling should be done for both soil NO 3 --N and NH 4 + -N. There was a period of up to 50 days between planting and rapid crop N uptake during which loss of NO 3 --N from the root zone could occur. Split fertilizer application reduced the risk of NO 3 --N loss during this time, but resulted in reduced tuber yield in 1999. Strong vertical variation in soil inorganic N concentration was measured in the potato hill as a result of fertilizer banding and soil N mineralization at shallow depths. Soil inorganic N concentrations were elevated in the hill, but not in the furrow, resulting in strong horizontal variation in soil inorganic N concentrations in the potato hill. Despite this variation, a systematic sampling strategy where soil was sampled in the centre of the hill, the centre of the furrow, and mid-way between the hill and furrow, done in combination with elevation control of soil sampling, resulted in an unbiased estimate of soil inorganic N concentration in the potato hill. --N et de NH 4 + -N pendant la période de croissance. La zone racinaire pourrait perdre du NO 3 --N pendant un maximum de 50 jours entre la plantation et le moment où la culture absorbe rapidement l'azote. L'application d'engrais en deux temps atténue les pertes éventuelles de NO 3 --N durant cette période, mais a diminué le rendement en tubercules en 1999. La concentration de N inorganique varie beaucoup verticalement dans les buttes après application de l'engrais en bandes et il y a minéralisation du N à faible profondeur. Le sol des buttes renferme une grande quantité de N inorganique, mais pas celui du sillon, ce qui se traduit par une importante variation horizontale de la concentration de cet élément dans la butte. Malgré cela, les auteurs ont obtenu une estimation non biaisée de la concentration de N inorganique en prélevant méthodiquement des échantillons au centre de la butte, au centre du sillon et à mi-chemin entre les deux tout en vérifiant la hauteur à laquelle étaient prélevés les échantillons.

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“…Bilan d'azote, lisier de porc, lysimètre drainant, nitrate lessivé, orge, pomme de terre Sandy soils cropped with potatoes and other N-fertilizerdemanding crops generate high nitrate leaching losses (Saffigna et al 1977;Hill 1986;Shepherd and Lord 1996;Prunty and Greenland 1997;Webb et al 1997). In Quebec, potato monoculture has been gradually replaced by crop rotations that include sods and cereals receiving frequent For personal use only.…”

Section: Mots Clésmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of potato-cereal rotations and slurry applications on nitrate leaching and nitrogen balance in sandy soils

Gasser¹,

Laverdière²,

Lagacé³

et al. 2002

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Gasser, M. O., Laverdière, M. R., Lagacé, R. and Caron, J. 2002. Impact of potato-cereal rotations and slurry applications on nitrate leaching and nitrogen balance in sandy soils. Can. J. Soil Sci. 82: 469-479. Groundwater quality is at risk when high levels of N fertilizers are used on sandy soils. A monitoring program was initiated in the summer of 1995, to quantify nitrate leaching in sandy soils used for potato production near Quebec city, Canada. Three drainable lysimeters were installed in each of five fields, for a total of 15 lysimeters. During a 5-yr monitoring period, crop N uptake, mineral and organic N fertilizers use, nitrate concentrations and fluxes from drainage water at 1-m soil depth were assessed under potato, cereal and hay crops. In one field, a clover and timothy sod that received low mineral N fertilizer inputs generated the lowest annual nitrate leaching losses ranging from 7 to 20 kg NO 3 -N ha -1 . High nitrate leaching losses (116 ± 40 kg N ha -1 ) were measured under potato crops receiving high mineral N fertilizer inputs. Cereals, including barley and wheat receiving moderate mineral N fertilizer inputs and in some instance N from pig slurry, dairy cow manure or paper mill sludge, also generated high nitrate leaching losses (88 ± 45 kg N ha -1 ). Only sod and oat crops generated annual flux averaged nitrate concentrations lower than 10 mg NO 3 -N L -1 , the accepted standard for drinking water, while higher concentrations, ranging from 13 to 52 mg NO 3 -N L -1 , were recorded under barley, wheat and potato crops receiving moderate to high amounts of mineral N fertilizer. Nitrate flux concentrations were moderate during the cropping season (May-August), highest in fall (September-December) and lowest in the winter-early spring period (January-April). After 5 yr of survey, use of pig slurry and paper mill sludge in potato-cereal crop rotations (51 to 192 kg N ha -1 annually) with mineral N fertilizers (103 to 119 kg N ha -1 annually) resulted in nitrate leaching losses (87 to 132 kg N ha -1 annually), at least 20 kg N ha -1 more than N exported by crop at harvest. More than 60% of N applied as pig slurry seemed to be unaccounted for in the partial N balance that included crop N uptake and nitrate leaching, suggesting that important losses probably occurred through ammonia volatilization, denitrification, or N immobilization in soil organic matter and crop residues. Un suivi a été initié en 1995 afin de quantifier le lessivage des nitrates dans les sols sableux utilisés pour la production de pommes de terre dans la région de Québec, Canada. Quinze lysimètres drainants ont été installés dans cinq champs, à raison de trois par champ. Durant 5 ans de suivi, les prélèvements de N par la plante, les apports de N sous forme d'engrais minéraux et organiques, ainsi que les concentrations et les charges en nitrates dans les eaux de drainage à 1 m dans le sol ont été mesurés sous cultures de pommes de terre et de céréales, ainsi que sous prairie. De faibles charges en nitrates (7 à 20 kg N-NO 3 h...

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Nitrate leaching using two potato-corn N-fertilizer plans on sandy soil

Cited by 51 publications

References 13 publications

Nitrogen use efficiency characteristics of commercial potato cultivars

Nitrogen use efficiency characteristics of commercial potato cultivars

Spatial and temporal distribution of soil inorganic nitrogen concentration in potato hills

Impact of potato-cereal rotations and slurry applications on nitrate leaching and nitrogen balance in sandy soils

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