Nitrate loss via overland flow and interflow from a sloped farmland in the hilly area of purple soil, China

Wang, Tao; Zhu, Bo

doi:10.1007/s10705-011-9431-7

Cited by 53 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, the total amount of N leaching and runoff is generally very small because of the semiarid or arid climate, leading to a possible accumulation of NO 3 − in these ecosystems. By contrast, the azonal soils cannot retain mineral N under a humid climate, and both localized and widespread N pollution can occur (Huang et al ., ; Zhu et al ., ; Wang & Zhu, ; Zhang et al ., ). Therefore, zonal soils are characterized by soil properties such as a large N holding capability and efficient Nr cycling.…”

Section: Soil N Transformations Regulate the Form Of Mineral N Exportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial N cycling associated with climate and plant‐specific N preferences: a review

Zhang

Cai

Müller

2018

European J Soil Science

126

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The dramatic increase in anthropogenic reactive nitrogen (Nr) from agricultural activities negatively affects the environment. An additional challenge is to ensure food security while at the same time keeping the environmental impact to a minimum to prevent negative feedback effects on climate. To date, however, few studies have addressed the direct connection between soil N transformations, forms of N, species‐specific N preferences and climate, despite the fact that the fate of N and soil N biochemical cycling are known to be intimately linked. In this paper we review the connections between soil N transformation, species‐specific N preferences and climate, and explore how N‐use efficiency may be enhanced while minimizing the environmental effect. Gross rates of N mineralization and immobilization govern the amount of available N in soil, especially in natural ecosystems, while nitrification plays a central role in regulating the NO3− to NH4+ ratio. Plant species prefer either NH4+‐N or NO3−‐N, depending on the NO3−‐N to NH4+‐N ratio in their habitat. Thus, plant N uptake could be optimized (i.e. Nr losses reduced) if species‐specific N preferences are maintained by matching N sources applied with prevailing soil‐specific N transformations. Therefore, whether N management practices can optimize N‐use efficiencies hinges on the coupling of soil N transformation with climate and species‐specific N preferences. Highlights We review the inherent connections between the soil N cycle, plant N preference and climate. Nitrification plays a central role in regulating the NO3− to NH4+ ratio in soil and soil solution. Soil N transformations regulate the composition of hydrological N export. Plant N uptake can be optimized if soil N cycle is well matched with plant N preference.

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Section: Soil N Transformations Regulate the Form Of Mineral N Exportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial N cycling associated with climate and plant‐specific N preferences: a review

Zhang

Cai

Müller

2018

European J Soil Science

126

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“…This indicates that NO 3 – –N delivery occurs mainly via desorption processes and by a mixing with pre‐event water when overland flow moves across the soil surface, rather than from the sediments carried by the water. Wang and Zhu () also reported that nitrate loss through interflow is the main pathway of nitrate loss. Nevertheless, NO 3 – –N exhibited clockwise hysteresis (C1 type) in plot A 1 for the 13 August 2004 storm event.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Nutrient export via overland flow from a cultivated field of an Ultisol in southern China

Wei

Cheng

Cai

2012

Hydrological Processes

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Understanding the influence of complex interactions among hydrological factors, soil characteristics and biogeochemical functions on nutrient dynamics in overland flow is important for efficiently managing agricultural nonpoint pollution. Experiments were conducted to assess nutrient export from Ultisol soils in the Sunjia catchment, Jiangxi province, southern China, between 2003 and 2005. Four plots were divided into two groups: two peanut plots and two agroforestry (peanut intercropped with citrus) plots. During the study period, we collected water samples for chemical analyses after each rainfall event that generated overland flow to assess nutrient export dynamics. The concentrations of potassium (K) and nitrate‐N (NO3––N) in overland flow were higher during the wetting season (winter and early spring). This reflects the solubility of K and NO3––N, the accumulation of NO3––N during the dry season and an increase in desorption processes and mixing with pre‐event water caused by prolonged contact with soil in areas with long‐duration, low‐intensity rainfall. In contrast, concentrations of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were higher during the wet season (late March to early July) and during the dry season (mid‐July to the end of September or early October). This was due to the interaction between specific hydrological regimes, the properties of the Ultisol and particulate transport processes. Variations in nutrient concentrations during storm events further identified that event water was the dominant source of total nitrogen and total phosphorus, and pre‐event water was the dominant source of NO3––N. In addition, the results obtained for the different land uses suggest that agroforestry practices reduce nutrient loss via overland flow. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…In this initial period of infiltration, dissolved chemicals will move downward out of the mixing zone and are less available for transport by overland flow. Therefore, the loss of nitrate in surface runoff is often less than the amount lost to leaching pathways (Walter et al ., ; Wang and Zhu, ). Two‐phased pesticides and SRP move downward much more slowly than nitrate resulting in increased availability when runoff occurs and can be more readily mobilized in overland flow (Saia et al ., ).…”

Section: Conceptual Framework For Targeting Bmpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural BMP Effectiveness and Dominant Hydrological Flow Paths: Concepts and a Review

Rittenburg

Squires

Boll

et al. 2015

J American Water Resour Assoc

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We present a conceptual framework that relates agricultural best management practice (BMP) effectiveness with dominant hydrological flow paths to improve nonpoint source (NPS) pollution management. We use the framework to analyze plot, field and watershed scale published studies on BMP effectiveness to develop transferable recommendations for BMP selection and placement at the watershed scale. The framework is based on the location of the restrictive layer in the soil profile and distinguishes three hydrologic land types. Hydrologic land type A has the restrictive layer at the surface and BMPs that increase infiltration are effective. In land type B1, the surface soil has an infiltration rate greater than the prevailing precipitation intensity, but there is a shallow restrictive layer causing lateral flow and saturation excess overland flow. Few structural practices are effective for these land types, but pollutant source management plans can significantly reduce pollutant loading. Hydrologic land type B2 has deep, well-draining soils without restrictive layers that transport pollutants to groundwater via percolation. Practices that increased pollutant residence time in the mixing layer or increased plant water uptake were found as the most effective BMPs in B2 land types. Matching BMPs to the appropriate land type allows for better targeting of hydrologically sensitive areas within a watershed, and potentially more significant reductions of NPS pollutant loading.(KEY TERMS: best management practices; nonpoint source pollution; watershed management; agriculture.) Rittenburg, Rebecca A., Audrey L. Squires, Jan Boll, Erin S. Brooks, Zachary M. Easton, and Tammo S. Steenhuis, 2015. Agricultural BMP Effectiveness and Dominant Hydrological Flow Paths: Concepts and a Review.

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Nitrate loss via overland flow and interflow from a sloped farmland in the hilly area of purple soil, China

Cited by 53 publications

References 30 publications

Terrestrial N cycling associated with climate and plant‐specific N preferences: a review

Terrestrial N cycling associated with climate and plant‐specific N preferences: a review

Nutrient export via overland flow from a cultivated field of an Ultisol in southern China

Agricultural BMP Effectiveness and Dominant Hydrological Flow Paths: Concepts and a Review

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