Nitrate Losses in Subsurface Drainage from a Corn–Soybean Rotation as Affected by Fall and Spring Application of Nitrogen and Nitrapyrin

Randall, G. W.; Vetsch, Jeff

doi:10.2134/jeq2005.0590

Cited by 139 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Previous studies have reported that high concentrations of nutrients generally associated with tile-fed drainage ditches from the Midwest could easily be transported to downstream surface waters [31][32][33]. Similar results have been reported for the impact of point source discharge on stream nutrient retention, where little sorption capacity is reported for sediment below point sources as compared to those upstream [20,34].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Inter-seasonal comparisons of PSI within individual ditches resulted in significant variations only in Box Ditch where Jan-Mar, Oct-Dec, and Jul-Sep PSI were significantly higher than Apr-Jun PSI (p < 0.008). Based on previous investigations that have associated high nutrient losses from tile drains [30][31][32], increased P concentrations in downstream sediments from tile outlets were expected. Nonetheless there were no specific patterns and statistical differences detected in the ability of benthic sediments to adsorb P from the ditch water when sediments collected upstream and downstream of tile drains were compared (p > 0.10; Figure 3).…”

Section: Phosphorus Uptake Of Upstream and Downstream Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutrient Content at the Sediment-Water Interface of Tile-Fed Agricultural Drainage Ditches

Ahiablame

Chaubey

Smith

2010

Water

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Extensive network of tile drains present in the Midwest USA accelerate losses of nutrients to receiving ditches, rivers and eventually to the Gulf of Mexico. Nutrient inputs from agricultural watersheds and their role in affecting water quality have received increased attention recently; however, benthic sediment-nutrient interactions in tile-fed drainage ditches is still a matter of active research in consideration to nutrient discharge from tile drains. In this study, phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) contents and variability of nutrient retention ability of benthic sediments upstream and downstream from tile drain outlets were evaluated in managed agricultural drainage ditches in Indiana. Sediment samples were collected every three months upstream and downstream from selected tile drains in three ditches in northwest Indiana. Sediment equilibrium P concentrations (EPC0) were measured to examine P adsorption-desorption and equilibrium characteristics of benthic sediments in the ditches. P sorption index (PSI), exchangeable P (ExP), and exchangeable NH 4 + -N (ExN) were measured to evaluate nutrient retention ability and readily available nutrient content of benthic sediments. Results indicated a dynamic interaction between benthic sediment and overlying water column where sediments were acting as a sink or a source of P. There were no differences in nutrient retention ability between sediments collected upstream and sediments collected downstream from the selected tile drains. While the data, except for ExN, was comparable to reported values by previous studies in Indiana's drainage ditches, there was no particular seasonal pattern in the content of exchangeable nutrient content in sediments at all three sites. This study also OPEN ACCESSWater 2010, 2 412 suggested that nutrient uptake by benthic sediments in these drainage ditches is not always efficient; therefore watershed management should focus on minimizing the delivery of nutrients into ditches while maintaining their drainage functionality.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Phosphorus Uptake Of Upstream and Downstream Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Content at the Sediment-Water Interface of Tile-Fed Agricultural Drainage Ditches

Ahiablame

Chaubey

Smith

2010

Water

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“…Studies have indicated that farmers often do not use the nutrient management tools available to them (Shepard, 2005;Osmond et al, 2012) or that regional practices may encourage application of N many weeks or months before crop uptake, which although useful managerially, may increase N losses (Randall and Vetsch, 2005;Bakhsh et al, 2006). Encouraging the most efficient timing, source, and placement of N fertilizer, three of the 4Rs of nutrient management (IPNI, 2017), is essential as we move forward in developing better rate recommendations.…”

Section: A Framework For Improving Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengths and Limitations of Nitrogen Rate Recommendations for Corn and Opportunities for Improvement

et al. 2018

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A gronomy J our n al • Volume 110 , I ssue 1 • 2 018 1 T he goal of an N recommendation system is to accurately estimate the gap between the N provided by the soil and the N required by the plant. Accurately estimating this gap depends on the ability of the recommendation system to accurately estimate fi eld or subfi eld specifi c economically optimal nitrogen rates (EONR). Current recommendation systems are not as accurate as needed to provide consistently reliable estimates of N needs across years at the fi eld or subfi eld scale. Uncontrollable factors like temperature, rainfall timing, intensity and amount, and interactions of temperature and rainfall with factors such as N source, timing and placement, plant genetics, and soil characteristics combine to make N rate recommendations for an individual fi eld or rates for subfi elds a process guided as much by science as by the best professional judgement of farmers and farm advisors.Substantial evidence has accumulated that EONRs can vary widely across fi elds, within fi elds and over years in the same fi eld for a wide range of crops and geographies. Examples ABSTRACTNitrogen fi xation by the Haber-Bosch process has more than doubled the amount of fi xed N on Earth, signifi cantly infl uencing the global N cycle. Much of this fi xed N is made into N fertilizer that is used to produce nearly half of the world's food. Too much of the N fertilizer pollutes air and water when it is lost from agroecosystems through volatilization, denitrifi cation, leaching, and runoff . Most of the N fertilizer used in the United States is applied to corn (Zea mays L.), and the profi tability and environmental footprint of corn production is directly tied to N fertilizer applications. Accurately predicting the amount of N needed by corn, however, has proven to be challenging because of the eff ects of rainfall, temperature, and interactions with soil properties on the N cycle. For this reason, improving N recommendations is critical for profi table corn production and for reducing N losses to the environment. Th e objectives of this paper were to review current methods for estimating N needs of corn by: (i) reviewing fundamental background information about how N recommendations are created; (ii) evaluating the performance, strengths, and limitations of systems and tools used for making N fertilizer recommendations; (iii) discussing how adaptive management principles and methods can improve recommendations; and (iv) providing a framework for improving N fertilizer rate recommendations.

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“…Numerous studies have demonstrated production agriculture's impact on surface and groundwater nutrient concentrations (Rupert, 2008;Schilling and Libra, 2000). Although agriculture was not the only source of these nutrients, farming is an inherently leaky system and often constitutes a significant portion of the pollution (Preston and Brakebill, 1999;Randall and Vetsch, 2005;Alexander et al, 2008;White et al, 2014).…”

Section: Farmers' Use Of Nutrient Management: Lessons From Watershed mentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmers’ Use of Nutrient Management: Lessons from Watershed Case Studies

et al. 2015

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Nutrient enrichment of water resources has degraded coastal waters throughout the world, including in the United States (e.g., Chesapeake Bay, Gulf of Mexico, and Neuse Estuary). Agricultural nonpoint sources have significant impacts on water resources. As a result, nutrient management planning is the primary tool recommended to reduce nutrient losses from agricultural fields. Its effectiveness requires nutrient management plans be used by farmers. There is little literature describing nutrient management decision-making. Here, two case studies are described that address this gap: (i) a synthesis of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, the Conservation Effects Assessment Project, and (ii) field surveys from three nutrient-impaired river basins/ watersheds in North Carolina (Neuse, Tar-Pamlico, and Jordan Lake drainage areas). Results indicate farmers generally did not fully apply nutrient management plans or follow basic soil test recommendations even when they had them. Farmers were found to be hesitant to apply N at university-recommended rates because they did not trust the recommendations, viewed abundant N as insurance, or used recommendations made by fertilizer dealers. Exceptions were noted when watershed education, technical support, and funding resources focused on nutrient management that included easing management demands, actively and consistently working directly with a small group of farmers, and providing significant resource allocations to fund agency personnel and cost-share funds to farmers. Without better dialogue with farmers and meaningful investment in strategies that reward farmers for taking what they perceive as risks relative to nutrient reduction, little progress in true adoption of nutrient management will be made.

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Nitrate Losses in Subsurface Drainage from a Corn–Soybean Rotation as Affected by Fall and Spring Application of Nitrogen and Nitrapyrin

Cited by 139 publications

References 23 publications

Nutrient Content at the Sediment-Water Interface of Tile-Fed Agricultural Drainage Ditches

Nutrient Content at the Sediment-Water Interface of Tile-Fed Agricultural Drainage Ditches

Strengths and Limitations of Nitrogen Rate Recommendations for Corn and Opportunities for Improvement

Farmers’ Use of Nutrient Management: Lessons from Watershed Case Studies

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