Nitrate, Perchlorate and Metal Respirers

Kaser, F. M.; Coates, John D.

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_148

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Increasing awareness of biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in anoxic habitats and the diversity of the involved microorganisms reducing nitrate, ferric iron or sulfate, or living syntrophically with methanogens (overviews by Kaser and Coates, 2010; Widdel et al ., 2010) has stimulated interest in the underlying pathways of hydrocarbon catabolism. Many of these degraders make use of carbon‐carbon addition of hydrocarbons to fumarate by means of a radical enzyme yielding various substituted succinates (Heider, 2007; Boll and Heider, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the range of n ‐alkanes or aromatic hydrocarbons used as growth substrates by an isolate is usually rather restricted. For instance, many strains use only toluene as a hydrocarbon substrate (Kaser and Coates, 2010; Widdel et al ., 2010), and a marine isolate grows only with propane and n ‐butane (Kniemeyer et al ., 2007). Still, homologues that do not serve as growth substrates may be co‐metabolized to a certain extent if provided together with a preferred substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co‐metabolic conversion of toluene in anaerobic n‐alkane‐degrading bacteria

Rabus

Jarling

Lahme

et al. 2011

Environmental Microbiology

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Diverse microorganisms have been described to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons anaerobically. Strains able to utilize n-alkanes do not grow with aromatic hydrocarbons, whereas strains able to utilize aromatic hydrocarbons do not grow with n-alkanes. To investigate this specificity in more detail, three anaerobic n-alkane degraders (two denitrifying, one sulfate-reducing) and eight anaerobic alkylbenzene degraders (five denitrifying, three sulfate-reducing) were incubated with mixtures of n-alkanes and toluene. Whereas the toluene degradationers formed only the characteristic toluene-derived benzylsuccinate and benzoate, but no n-alkane-derived metabolites, the n-alkane degraders formed toluene-derived benzylsuccinate, 4-phenylbutanoate, phenylacetate and benzoate besides the regular n-alkane-derived (1-methylalkyl)succinates and methyl-branched alkanoates. The co-metabolic conversion of toluene by anaerobic n-alkane degraders to the level of benzoate obviously follows the anaerobic n-alkane degradation pathway with C-skeleton rearrangement and decarboxylation rather than the β-oxidation pathway of anaerobic toluene metabolism. Hence, petroleum-derived aromatic metabolites detectable in anoxic environments may not be exclusively formed by genuine alkylbenzene degraders. In addition, the hitherto largely unexplored fate of fumarate hydrogen during the activation reactions was examined with (2,3-(2) H(2) )fumarate as co-substrate. Deuterium was completely exchanged with hydrogen at the substituted carbon atom (C-2) of the succinate adducts of n-alkanes, whereas it is retained in toluene-derived benzylsuccinate, regardless of the type of enzyme catalysing the fumarate addition reaction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co‐metabolic conversion of toluene in anaerobic n‐alkane‐degrading bacteria

Rabus

Jarling

Lahme

et al. 2011

Environmental Microbiology

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“…Perez-Pantoja et al, 2012]. Under anoxic conditions (absence of O 2 ), which dominate in many habitats such as marine and freshwater sediments as well as deeper soil layers, a large diversity of (facultative) anaerobic bacteria occurs [Kaser and Coates, 2010;Widdel and Rabus, 2001;. They have evolved a broad spectrum of intriguing reactions for substrate activation and dearomatization [Carmona et al, 2009;Fuchs et al, 2011;Gibson and Harwood, 2002;Widdel and Musat, 2010].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Genetic and Crystal Structural Analysis of 1-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-Ethanol Dehydrogenase from ‘Aromatoleum aromaticum' EbN1

Büsing

Höffken²,

Breuer

et al. 2015

Microb Physiol

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The dehydrogenation of 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethanol to 4-hydroxyacetophenone represents the second reaction step during anaerobic degradation of p-ethylphenol in the denitrifying bacterium ‘Aromatoleum aromaticum' EbN1. Previous proteogenomic studies identified two different proteins (ChnA and EbA309) as possible candidates for catalyzing this reaction [Wöhlbrand et al: J Bacteriol 2008;190:5699-5709]. Physiological-molecular characterization of newly generated unmarked in-frame deletion and complementation mutants allowed defining ChnA (renamed here as Hped) as the enzyme responsible for 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethanol oxidation. Hped [1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethanol dehydrogenase] belongs to the ‘classical' family within the short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily. Hped was overproduced in Escherichia coli, purified and crystallized. The X-ray structures of the apo- and NAD⁺-soaked form were resolved at 1.5 and 1.1 Å, respectively, and revealed Hped as a typical homotetrameric SDR. Modeling of the substrate 4-hydroxyacetophenone (reductive direction of Hped) into the active site revealed the structural determinants of the strict (R)-specificity of Hped (Phe¹⁸⁷), contrasting the (S)-specificity of previously reported 1-phenylethanol dehydrogenase (Ped; Tyr⁹³) from strain EbN1 [Höffken et al: Biochemistry 2006;45:82-93].

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“…Genes encoding pathways that involve fumarate addition are typically organized in two operons. One operon includes the three structural genes of the protein catalyzing fumarate addition and the other includes genes required for converting succinate derivates to benzoyl-CoA [64]. Gene sequences and organization are relatively conserved among nitrate-reducing bacteria but differ somewhat from those of the iron reducer G. metallireducens [64] and substantially from those of the hexane-degrading nitrate reducer strain HxN1 [65].…”

Section: Aromatic Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrocarbon dehydrogenation pathway is also organized in two operons. One operon contains the structural genes for the first two reactions (ethylbenzene dehydrogenase and 1-phenylethanol dehydrogenase) and the other contains the structural genes for acetophone carboxylase [64].…”

Section: Aromatic Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%