Nitrate reduction by metallic iron

Huang, Chin‐Pao; Wang, Hung-Wen; Chiu, Pei-Chun

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(97)00464-8

Cited by 437 publications

(283 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Beside these abiotic mechanisms, contaminants can be reduced at the site of their adsorption (more or less far from the metal surface) by indigenous micro organisms [105]. A convincing argument for contaminant sorption/ co-precipitation on to/with corrosion products (oxide film) as initial removal mechanism is the manifold observed lag time between the date of Fe 0 materials addition and the beginning of quantitative contaminant removal [55,[106][107][108]. Elusive arguments have been proposed to rationalize this experimental evidence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CRITICAL REVIEW ON THE PROCESS OF CONTAMINANT REMOVAL IN FE⁰–H₂O SYSTEMS

Noubactep¹

2008

Environmental Technology

344

308

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A central aspect of the contaminant removal by elemental iron materials (Fe 0 or Fe 0 materials) is that reduction reactions are mediated by the iron surface (direct reduction). This premise was introduced by the pioneers of the reactive wall technology and is widely accepted by the scientific community. In the meantime enough evidence has been provided to suggest that contaminant reduction through primary corrosion products (secondary reductants) does indeed occur (indirect reduction). It was shown for decades that iron corrosion in the pH range of natural waters (4-9) inevitably yields an obstructive oxide film of corrosion products at the metal surface (oxide film). Therefore, contaminant adsorption on to corrosion products and contaminant co-precipitation with corrosion products inevitably occurs. For adsorbed and coprecipitated contaminants to be directly reduced the oxide film should be electronic conductive. This study argues through a literature review a series of points which ultimately lead to the conclusion that, if any quantitative contaminant reduction occurs in the presence of Fe 0 materials, it takes place within the matrix of corrosion products and is not necessarily a direct reduction. It is concluded that Fe 0 materials act both as source of corrosion products for contaminant adsorption/coprecipitation and as a generator of Fe II and H 2 (H) for possible catalytic contaminant reduction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CRITICAL REVIEW ON THE PROCESS OF CONTAMINANT REMOVAL IN FE⁰–H₂O SYSTEMS

Noubactep¹

2008

Environmental Technology

344

308

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“…Fish mortality, health, and reproduction can be affected by the presence of minute amounts of ammonia-N (Servizi and Gordon 2005). Nitrate can cause human health problems such as liver damage and even cancers (Gabel et al 1982;Huang et al 1998). Nitrate can also bind with hemoglobin and create an oxygen deficiency called methemoglobinemia in infants (KimShapiro et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floating wetland mesocosm assessment of nutrient removal to reduce ecotoxicity in stormwater ponds

Chang

Islam

Wanielista

2012

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A grouped mesocosm study was conducted with different water holding capacities and conditions to determine nutrient removal efficiency using floating wetland macrophytes. Different scenarios were created by changing water depth, littoral vegetation, sorption media and area coverage to observe how they affect nutrient removal efficiencies. Plant species were screened and selected based on the literature, local availability and previously performed microcosm studies. Sorption media were warped using geotextile filter fostering microbial colonization in the rhizospheric zone to enhance denitrification and plant growth. Water quality parameters included total nitrogen, total phosphorus, orthophosphate, nitratenitrogen and ammonia-nitrogen in addition to in situ parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature and chlorophyll-a. Composite samples across several locations were collected periodically to understand the spatial distribution or aggregation of nutrients. After 3 months of water quality monitoring, plants were analyzed for tissue nutrient concentrations, and the average uptake rate was calculated as 36.39 and 1.48 mg m -2 day -1 for nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively, by the floating treatment wetland system. Finally, considering the higher nutrient aggregation in the rhizospheric zone, the removal rate with 5 % area coverage and water quality improvement by littoral zone, the optimized design, placement and maintenance of the whole system were recommended.

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“…Nitrogen fertilizers, animal manure, septic systems, industrial processes, agricultural and urban runoff, and atmospheric deposition from nitrogen oxide emissions generate high levels of nitrates (Xu et al, 2012, Bhatnagar andSillanpää, 2011). The mixing of nitrates in drinking water can cause serious threats to human health and the environment, including induction of blue-baby syndrome (Methemoglobinemia) in infants, eutrophication, and production of carcinogenic compounds (Huang et al, 1998, Hwang et al, 2011. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and European Union legislation (Council Directive 91/676/EEC) the maximum allowable levels of nitrates in drinking water are 10 mg l -1 of NO3 -N and 50 mg l -1…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of nitrate removal from aqueous solution by Fe-doped TiO2 under UV and solar irradiation using response surface methodology

2015

Global NEST Journal

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Nitrate is a common groundwater pollutant all over the world. In some regions of Iran, its levels are high enough to cause serious problems to human health and the environment. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the efficiency of Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles at removing nitrate from aqueous solutions under UV and solar radiation and to model nitrate removal using response surface methodology techniques. In this study, a response surface methodology based on the Box-Behnken design matrix was used to describe the process of nitrate removal from an aqueous solution with four independent parameters, namely Fe-doped TiO2 (dose 1-2 g l -1), nitrate concentration (25-100 mg l -1 ), contact time (10-120 min), and pH (4-9). The results indicated that the removal efficiency of nitrate in the presence of ultraviolet and solar radiation was 56.5 % and 21.8%, respectively. The removal efficiency of nitrate increased with time and initial concentration of nitrate. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the proposed model was essentially in accordance with the experimental results with the correlation coefficient R 2 = 0.9237 and Adj-R 2 = 0.8347. Response surface methodology (RSM) proved to be a powerful statistical tool for investigating the operating conditions for nitrate removal under UV irradiation.

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Nitrate reduction by metallic iron

Cited by 437 publications

References 18 publications

A CRITICAL REVIEW ON THE PROCESS OF CONTAMINANT REMOVAL IN FE⁰–H₂O SYSTEMS

A CRITICAL REVIEW ON THE PROCESS OF CONTAMINANT REMOVAL IN FE⁰–H₂O SYSTEMS

Floating wetland mesocosm assessment of nutrient removal to reduce ecotoxicity in stormwater ponds

Modeling of nitrate removal from aqueous solution by Fe-doped TiO2 under UV and solar irradiation using response surface methodology

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Nitrate reduction by metallic iron

Cited by 437 publications

References 18 publications

A CRITICAL REVIEW ON THE PROCESS OF CONTAMINANT REMOVAL IN FE0–H2O SYSTEMS

A CRITICAL REVIEW ON THE PROCESS OF CONTAMINANT REMOVAL IN FE0–H2O SYSTEMS

Floating wetland mesocosm assessment of nutrient removal to reduce ecotoxicity in stormwater ponds

Modeling of nitrate removal from aqueous solution by Fe-doped TiO2 under UV and solar irradiation using response surface methodology

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A CRITICAL REVIEW ON THE PROCESS OF CONTAMINANT REMOVAL IN FE⁰–H₂O SYSTEMS

A CRITICAL REVIEW ON THE PROCESS OF CONTAMINANT REMOVAL IN FE⁰–H₂O SYSTEMS